APUSH midterm review

Columbian Exchange

The exchange of goods, crops, and diseases between the New World and Europe following Columbus's arrival.

Iroquois

A matriarchal society known for longhouses and canoe building, impacting their environment through deforestation.

Cahokia

A non-nomadic society known for building protective palisades and struggling with resource depletion.

Jamestown (1607)

The first permanent English settlement in North America, facing early difficulties including poor location.

House of Burgesses (HOB)

The first representative assembly in the American colonies, modeled after the English Parliament.

Bacon's Rebellion

A rebellion in the 1670s highlighting class tensions and leading to a shift from indentured servitude to slavery.

Seven Years' War

A global conflict that led to British victory and significant debt, marking the end of England's salutary neglect.

Sugar Act (1764)

An indirect tax imposed on producers of sugar and molasses, contributing to colonial unrest.

Stamp Act

A direct tax on paper goods that sparked the phrase 'No taxation without representation' and boycotts.

Articles of Confederation

The first governing document of the United States, characterized by a weak federal structure.

Great Compromise

An agreement during the Constitutional Convention that established a two-chamber Congress.

Louisiana Purchase (1803)

A land acquisition from France that doubled the size of the United States and supported agrarian expansion.

Lowell Factory System

An industrial system that employed women and children, marking a shift in the labor force.

Missouri Compromise

A legislative decision that aimed to maintain the balance between free and slave states.

Monroe Doctrine

A U.S. policy asserting that any European intervention in the Americas would be viewed as a threat to U.S. security.