MedPro Finals Study

Unit Conversions

Unit Conversions

Changing a unit to another ex: feet --> mile

Use KHDBDCMU, King Henry died by drinking chocolate milk upside-down

Experimental Design:

Observation, questions, hypothesis formulation, methodology, results

Measurement Tools:

Equipment used to collect data

Beaker

Beakers are useful as a reaction container or to hold liquid or solid samples.

Erlenmeyer Flask

Erlenmeyer flasks are used to contain liquids and for mixing, heating, cooling, incubation, filtration, storage, and other liquid-handling processes.

Graduated Cylinder

Laboratory apparatus is used to measure the volume of liquids, chemicals, or solutions. Graduated cylinders are more accurate and precise than laboratory flasks and beakers.

Weigh Boats

Weighing boats are open containers that are used to weight granulated, liquid, or solid samples.

Analytical Balance

Analytical balances are precision measuring instruments used in quantitative chemical analysis, to determine the mass of solid objects, liquids, powders and granular substances. Used for substances at a much lower density than others.

Scoopulas/spatula

Scoopulas are long, scoop-shaped and made of metal. They are used interchangeably with spatulas to transfer solids: to a weigh paper for weighing, to a coverslip for melting point, scraping out of a flask or beaker to a watch glass, etc.

Stir Rod

Long clear rod, used to mix substances

DI Water

Deionized water. Metals and salts were removed so the experiment can be successful.

Micropipette

A laboratory instrument used to measure, dispense, and transfer very small amounts of liquid.

Microfuge Tube

Used for experimentation with very small volumes (1.5ml).

Disposable Pipette

consists of a narrow tube into which fluid is drawn by suction (as for dispensing or measurement) and retained by closing the upper end

How do we measure mass, volume, and length

1.)In science, length may be measured with a metric ruler using SI units such as millimeters and centimeters.

2.)Scientists measure mass with a balance, such as a triple beam balance or electronic balance.

3.)In science, the volume of a liquid might be measured with a graduated cylinder.

Test Tube

Open tube used to hold liquids, can be heated.

Test Tube Rack

Holds test tubes

Funnel

for pouring liquid or other substance through a small opening

Hot Plate (what does it help with?).

Hot plates are frequently used in the laboratory to perform chemical reactions, to heat samples, and for numerous other activities

Microscope

An instrument that makes small objects look larger

EtOH (Ethnal Bottles)

To clean surfaces

What instruments/units can you use to measure mass?

Different types of balances include digital scientific balances and beam balances, such as a triple beam balance. The standard unit of measure for mass comes from the metric system and is either grams or kilograms. At home, you typically use a modern digital or spring scale to determine mass.

What instruments/units can you use to measure length?

Measuring tools for length include rulers, tape measures, and micrometer screw gauges, but the tool that is the most precise is the vernier caliper.

What instruments/units can you use to measure volume? (What is the best way to measure volume?) What is a meniscus?

Liquid volume is usually measured using either a graduated cylinder or a buret, using liters and meters. A meniscus is a curve in the surface of a molecular substance in a grad cylinder.

Micropipette - Anatomy

A micropipette can be quite confusing, on the top of the instrument there is a plunger button and the tip ejector. Towards the middle, there is the display of the units. On the bottom, there is the tip cone.

Micropipette - Usage

While using the micropipettes you will have to understand which one to use, the 0.5-10uL,1-10uL, and 10-100uL, which can be told alike from different colors, white, yellow, and blue; blue is the largest, yellow comes in second, and white is the least large.

EX. 0.7 uL

Use White

EX. 67uL

Use Blue

EX. 9uL

Use Yellow

Display

To put the right measurement in the pipette you will have to get the correct one, next on the display screen their will be three zeros, to move it to the right number crank the circle thingy to the right till it says the number you want it to be at.

EX. 67uL (BLUE)

<---[067]--{] (Does it look like a micropipette?)

EX. 9uL (Yellow)

<---{090]--{]

EX. 0.9uL

<---{009]--{]

Concentration Calculations:

Molarity, also known as moles. We went over this a while ago, make sure to put the calculations in the formula.

Avogadro's Number

6.02 x 10^23

Micro Scope-Anatomy

Parts of a Microscope

Ocular Lens

Magnifies the image

Body Tube

Holds the Ocular Lense

Revolving Nose Piece

Holds the objective lenses

Objective Lenses

Magnifies the specimen

Arm

Used to Carry

Stage

Platform where specimen is placed

Coarse Focus

focuses the image under low power

Fine focus

Focuses on high power

Base

supports the microscope

Micropipette Tips

Pipette tips are the attachable part of pipettes that aid in aspirating and dispensing liquids. Most commonly used tips are disposable or autoclavable.