Spread of Communism and Global Conflicts

These flashcards cover key terms and concepts related to the spread of communism in China, geopolitical conflicts, and land reform issues in Latin America and Africa.

Great Leap Forward

A campaign initiated by Mao Zedong in 1958 aimed at rapid industrialization and collectivization in China that ultimately failed.

Cultural Revolution

A sociopolitical movement in China initiated by Mao Zedong that aimed to preserve Chinese Communism by removing capitalist elements and traditional culture.

Red Guard

A mass paramilitary social movement of young people in China during the Cultural Revolution who acted to enforce Maoist ideologies.

Mass Line Approach

A method used by the Communist Party of China to connect the leadership and the masses by gathering ideas from the people to inform policies.

Civil War in China (1945-1949)

A conflict between the Nationalists (Kuomintang) and the Communists (PLO) that ultimately led to the establishment of the People's Republic of China.

Land Reform

The redistribution of land from landowners to peasant farmers, aimed at improving agricultural productivity.

Nationalists

The political group in China that opposed the Communist Party and fled to Taiwan after losing the Chinese Civil War.

Mao Zedong

The founding father of the People's Republic of China, who led the Communist Party and initiated major socio-political movements.

Family Planning

Strategies and methods to control the number of children a family has, implemented in China to manage population growth.

Hostility between China and USSR

The strained relationship between the People's Republic of China and the Soviet Union during the Cold War due to ideological differences.

Ethiopian Leadership

Haile Selassie's era marked by efforts to modernize the economy, which was later overthrown by Mengistu Haile Mariam.

Mengistu Haile Mariam

The Ethiopian leader who overthrew Haile Selassie and established a military government characterized by violence and suppression.

United Fruit Company

An American multinational company that played a significant role in banana production and was involved in Latin American political conflicts.

Overthrow of Arbenz

The U.S. supported coup against Guatemalan President Jacobo Arbenz in 1954, leading to decades of political instability.

First Gulf War

A conflict in the late 1980s between Iran and Iraq that had significant geopolitical implications.

Post-WWII China

The period after World War II when China underwent political transformation and civil conflict, leading to Communist control.

Taiwan

The island where the Nationalists retreated after being defeated in the Chinese Civil War.

PLO (People's Liberation Army)

The armed forces of the Communist Party of China, instrumental in the Chinese Civil War.

Economic Focus on Coffee

Ethiopia's economic growth in the mid-20th century largely derived from coffee trade.

Violence to Exert Control

The method used by Mengistu's government in Ethiopia to maintain power through intimidation and repression.

Industrialization

The process of developing industries in a country or region, which was a focus of China's economic strategy post-1949.