Suborder Cyclorrhapha

Family Muscidae

Musca domestica

Fannia sp.

Muscina sp.

Non-biting Muscidae

Stomoxys calcitrans

Haematobia sp.

Glossina sp.

Biting Muscidae

FALSE.

Median (M1+2) wing vein is parallel to radial (R4+5) wing vein or curving towards it.

T or F.

In family Muscidae, median (M1+2) wing vein is perpendicular to radial (R4+5) wing vein.

TRUE

T or F.

Family Muscidae is often synanthropic or lives closely with humans.

*Musca domestica*

scientific name; common housefly

*Musca autumnalis*

scientific name; facefly

*Musca sorbens*

*Musca conducens*

*Musca ventustissima*

scientific name; Australian bushfly

*Fannia canicularis*

scientific name; lesser housefly

*Muscina stabulans*

species that are larger and more robust than housefly

*Morellia bortorum*

scientific name; sweat fly

*Musca domestica*

identify the species (scientific name):

Male: 5.8-6.5mm

Female: 6.5-7.5 mm

housefly

identify the species (common name):

sponging mouthparts - mandibles and maxillae are ABSENT

*Musca domestica*

identify the species (scientific name):

* with 4 longitudinal stripes on thorax
* with median longitudinal stripe on abdomen

*Musca domestica*

identify the species (scientific name):

* with bilaterally plumose arista
* legs - hairy; w/ empodium and pulvillus

10 days (9.5-13 days)

Days expected for Musca domestica to grow from an egg to an adult

120-150

Female *Musca domestica* lays ___ (how many?) eggs in each of at least 6 lots

12-24 hrs

How long does it take for *Musca domestica* egg to mature into L1?

24 hrs

How long does it take for *Musca domestica* L1 to mature into L2? L2 to L3?

3-4 days

How long does it take for the *Musca domestica* L3 to mature into pupae? 

4-6 days

How long does it take *Musca domestica* pupae to mature into adulthood? 

*Musca domestica*

scientific name; During feeding, it regurgitates saliva to moisten solid food. Also, they defecate & vomit the remains of their last meal.

*Musca domestica*

scientific name (common name); They carry bacteria, viruses, and helminth ova on their body (hair), proboscis, and pulvilli

flight range and lifespan

What are the important factors that are studied to discover effective methods of disease control?

capture methods

Various *____ ____* have been used to monitor vector populations and to study their biology.

Mark-Release-Recapture (MRR)

Specific method to observe and study vector species (flight range, lifespan, etc.)

fluorescent dye

This is sprayed on the flies in order to mark them.

latrine fly

common name of *Fannia scalaris*

*Fannia*

genus that is 5-7 mm long (adult), with bare arista and females laying eggs in decaying matter

2-3 weeks

larval period of *Fannia*

30 days

How long does the life cycle of *Fannia* lasts?

Myiasis

Disease that causes intestinal eating contaminated chess and urogenital lesions

*Muscina tabulans*

false or non-biting stable fly

in decaying organic matters

Where does *Muscina stabulans* lay eggs?

5-6 weeks

complete life cycle of *Muscina stabulans* (how long?)

vector of Myiasis

medical importance of *Muscina stabulans*

same size but with shorter and broader abdomen

differentiate stablefly and housefly

*Stomoxys calcitrans*

scientific name of stablefly

stablefly

common name of *Stomoxys calcitrans*

72 days

lifespan of *Stomoxys calcitrans*

stablefly

common name; with prominent proboscis, 4 longitudinal stripes, and 2nd & 3rd abdominal segments have 3 round dark spots

TRUE

T or F.

The lateral pair of the longitudinal stripes of *Stomoxys calcitrans* is narrower and broken.

plumose on its dorsal aside

Describe the arista of *Stomoxys calcitrans*

FALSE. Both sexes are bloodsuckers

T or F.

Only the female *Stomoxys calcitrans* are bloodsuckers.

3-4 minutes

How long does it for *Stomoxys calcitrans* to finish 1 blood meal?

* as cattle pest
* transmit anthrax
* transmit *Trypanosoma evansi*
* transmit Equine Infectious Anemia
* transmit animal helminths

Give 2 medical & veterinary importance of *Stomocys calcitrans*

Stablefly

common name; Transmit Equine Infectious Anemia

*Stomoxys calcitrans*

scientific name; transmit *Trypanosoma evansi*

* destroy breeding places by spreading decaying organic matters -- larvae required darkness
* application of insecticides on animals
* application of insecticides to habitations of animal

How to control the spread of *Stomoxys calcitrans*

buffalo fly

common name of *H. exigua*

*Haematobia irritans*

scientific name of horn fly

*Haematobia* spp.

The smallest biting muscid (\~4mm long)

*Haematobia* spp.

genus with only 2 stripes on thorax and diffuse spots on the abdomen

stablefly

*Haematobia* spp. have wings and arista similar to ___ (what species?)

FALSE. as long as

T or F.

In *Haematobia* spp., the maxillary palpi are stout and longer than the proboscis.

fresh feces

Where do *Haematobia* spp. lay eggs?

4 days

larval stage of *Haematobia* spp.

6-8 days

Adult *Haematobia* spp. emerge from the pupal stage in ____ (how long?)

TRUE

T or F.

*Haematobia* spp. are nuisance flies.

Tse-tse fly

common name of *Glossina* sp.

*Glossina* sp.

scientific name of tse-tse fly

*Glossina* sp.

Determine the species (State the scientific name):

* proboscis long & haled horizontally
* both sexes are bloodsuckers
* wings rest like a pair of scissors
* arista has feather-liked hairs

hatchet cell

distinguishable characteristic in the wings of tse-tse fly

B

*Glossina* sp. are:

A. larviparous

B. pupiparous

C. oviparous

8-10

Female tse-tse flies produces ___ larvae (how many?)

10 days

gestation period of *Glossina* sp.

soil

Where do *Glossina* sp. deposit their young?

1-1.5 hours

How long does it take for the larvae of tse-tse flies to become a pupae?

17-90 days

Pupa-to-adult period of tse-tse flies

3 days

*Glossina* sp. feed about every ___ (interval?)

* uric acid
* leucine
* valine
* lactic acid

Tse-tse fies are stimulated by ___ (components of human sweat)

FALSE. They are sometimes nocturnal

T or F.

*Glossina* sp. are only active in the morning and afternoon. They are also known to rest in shaded areas.

FALSE. Females do not eat in this period.

T or F.

Towards the end of gestation period, the females will keep eating to supplement their bodies with nutrients.

TRUE

T or F.

All species of *Glossina* fed on blood of vertebrates.

* destroy breeding places
* aerial application of insecticides
* bush clearing to destroy shade
* application of insecticides to habitations of animals
* catching using fly nets or traps with attractant (ox’s breath) and insecticide
* screening of animal and human houses
* catching & trapping

Control measures for *Glossina* sp.

TRUE

T or F.

Both larva and pupa needs shade to survive.