Theology 12 Midterm - Riley

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Theology

138 Terms

1
Religion
religio (Latin) - to bind
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2
5 elements of a religion

1. History

2. Scripture/Sacred Writing

3.Beliefs/Practices

4. Sacred Times

5. Sacred Places/ Spaces

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3
Nostra Aetate
A papal encyclical that discusses how Catholics should interact with people of other religions
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4
Judaism Family Tree

Terah - Sarah + Abraham - Issac +Rebeca - Jacob and Esau

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5
12 Defining moments of Judaism

1. Abraham

2. Burning Bush

3. 10 commandments

4. 12 tribes

5. King David

6. Solomon Builds Temple

7. Exile

8. Warning Against Blasphemy

9. Hanukkah

10. Destruction of the temple

11. Holocaust

12. Israel was formed

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6
1st defining moment of Judaism
First time that Jewish people were called God's people
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7
2nd defining moment of Judaism
God instructed Moses through a burning bush to free the Israelites from slavery.
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8
3rd defining moment of Judaism
10 commandments were given to Moses as a guide for the Jewish people to follow
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9
4th defining moment of Judaism
Promised people and promised land
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10
5th defining moment of Judaism
King David made a covenant with God
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11
6th defining moment of Judaism
Salomon built the 1st temple of Jerusalem
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12
7th defining moment of Judaism
Exiled from their land/ 1st destruction of the temple
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13
8th defining moment of Judaism
Isaiah told the Jewish people to have more faith/ Burning tounge
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14
9th defining moment of Judaism
Jewish people are outnumbered against the Greeks but still win the battle - Hanukkah
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15
10th defining moment of Judaism
2nd destruction of the temple, only one wall is left
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16
11th defining moment of Judaism
The Holocaust
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17
12th defining moment of Judaism
Israel becomes a nation in 1948
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18
TaNaK
Hebrew Bible
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19
Torah
613 Laws
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20
Nev'im
writing from Isaiah and Jeremiah
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21
Ketuvim
Psalms
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22
Talmud
midrash - Rabbi's fill in the holes in the parables
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23
Jewish sacred spaces
Synogauge
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24
Jewish Sacred places
Wailing Wall
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25
Bimah
Raised platform to read the torah
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26
Jerusalem
A holy city for Jews, Christians, and Muslims
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27
Shema
Hear O Israel, the Lord is our God, the Lord is one. And as for you, you shall love the Lord your God with all your heart, with all your soul, and with all your strength.
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28
Mezuzah
A scroll inscribed with verses of the Shema that many Jews fasten to their doorpost.
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29
Shofar
Ram's horn blown at Jewish holidays
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30
Tefillin
Two leather boxes which are worn on the arm and on the forehead at weekday morning prayers
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31
Hannukah
An eight-day Jewish holiday commemorating the rededication of the Temple of Jerusalem in 165 BC
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32
Purim
A joyous festival in early spring that recalls the Jews' being saved from destruction, as told in the Book of Esther
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33
Passover (Pesach)
Jewish holiday celebrated in the spring, commemorating the deliverance of the Israelites from Egyptian slavery
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34
Jewish Wedding Traditions
Married under Cuppah, Groom breaks Glass
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35
Yom Kippur
Jewish Day of Atonement- fasting and reflecting on one's sins
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36
Rosh Hashanah
Jewish New Year
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37
Shavot
Jewish feast of Pentecost fifty days after Passover; celebrates Moses giving of the Ten Commandments to the Israelites
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38
Shabbat
The Jewish Sabbath; begins at sundown Friday and ends at sundown Saturday.
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39
Sukkot
"booths"; a festival in the late autumn that recalls the Jews' period of wandering in the desert after their exodus from Egypt.
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40
Menorah
A candelabrum with a central stem bearing seven candles. The oldest symbol in Judaism.
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41
Kosher
Jewish dietary laws
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42
Islam
to surrender/ to submit to the will of God - comes from the word shalom
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43
Shalom
peace
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44
Arab
person who lives in the middle east
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45
Muslim
A follower of Islam
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46
1st defining moment in Islam
Adam and Eve - Muslims believe that Islam have always existed
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47
2nd defining moment in Islam
Abraham built the K'abah in Mecca
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48
3rd defining moment in Islam
In 610 in Mecca Muhammad prays and the Angel Gabriel appeared and told him everything that he wanted to know and he memorized it all
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49
4th defining moment in Islam
In 622 Muhammad is exiled to Mecca by the Jews and Christians
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50
5th defining moment in Islam
In 632 Muhammad dies
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51
6th defining moment in Islam
1st Caliph Abu is named in 632
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52
7th defining moment in Islam
In 634 Caliph Abu chose 2nd Caliph Umar to be his successor
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53
8th defining moment in Islam
In 644 3rd Caliph Uthman is killed because he is bad
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54
9th defining moment in Islam
Division into the Sunni's and Shittes over sucession
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55
Qur'an or Koran
means recitation and is the holy book of Islam. Muslims believe it is the infallible word of God. Divided into 114 chapters called surah
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What do Muslims say after Muhammad
Peace be upon him
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57
4 goals of Islam

1. become closer to God

2. Both Faith and works are necessary to become closer to God

3. Must have a unified religious community

4. Establish unity with all people

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58
7 core tenants of Islam

1. Muhammad is the messenger of God

2. God does not predetermine what will happen, we have free will

3. God gives life and takes life

4. God knows what choices we will make. He knows the past, present, and future.

5. God is very involved as a guide in human affairs

6. God is the Judge who will determine who goes to heaven and who goes to hell

7. God is a loving, powerful, knowing, merciful, and present

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59
5 pillars of Islam

1. Shahada

2. Salat

3. Zakat

4. Sawm

5. Hajj

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60
Shahada
There is no god but God, Muhammad is the messenger of God
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61
Salah
Prayer 5 times a day (pre dawn, noon, mid afternoon, sunset, total darkness)
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62
Wudu
The ritual washing of the face, hands, arms, top of head, and feet that a Muslim must perform before prayer
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Juma
Friday noon prayer service
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64
Zakah
Almsgiving (2.5% of total income)
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65
Sawn
Fasting during the month of Ramadan
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66
Hajj
Pilgrimage to Mecca
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67
Hijab
a headscarf worn by Muslim women
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68
Eid al-Fitr
Festival of Breaking the Fast at the end of Ramadan
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69
Eid al-Adha
festival remembering Abraham sacrificing Ismael for God. Symbolic slaughter of Sheep or Goat
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70
Ashura

Suni - to remember the exodus from Egypt

Shittes - reenact the massacre of Hussain

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71
Mecca
the holiest city of Islam; Muhammad's birthplace
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72
Mosques
Muslim house of worship
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73
Mihrab
a niche in the wall of a mosque, at the point nearest to Mecca, toward which the congregation faces to pray.
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74
Ka'bah
A shrine in Mecca, and one of the holiest places according to the Islamic faith
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75
Medina
2nd holiest city in Islam
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76
Hinduism
a way of life before it was a religion involving bathing in the Indus river, meditation, and living peacefully
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77
Hindu
means river in Sanskirt
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78
Goal of Hinduism
to be freed from the cycle of reincarnation
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79
banyan tree
metaphor for origins of hinduism, a tree with branches that sink to the ground and become roots
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80
Caste System
a set of rigid social categories that determined not only a person's occupation and economic potential, but also his or her position in society
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81
Origins of Hinduism
originated around 300 BC. Travelers named them after spotting them on the Indus river
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82
Dharma
the religious and moral duties of an individual
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83
4 stages of dharma

1. Student

2. Householder

3. Forest Dweller

4. Spiritual Wanderer

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84
Student stage of Hinduism
ages 8-12 were a boy studies at home with a guru
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85
guru
a teacher or spiritual guide
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86
Householder stage of Hinduism
About age 20 an arranged marriage and will work as well as provide socially and politically
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87
Forrest Dweller Stage
about ages 40-60 a man becomes celibate to study and practice asceticism
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88
Spiritual wanderer stage of Hinduism
live alone with minimal or no clothing to achieve moksha
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89
Moksha
liberation from the cycle of reincarnation
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90
Samsara
the cycle of life and rebirth in Hinduism
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91
Karma
the moral law of cause and effect of actions
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92
Reincarnation
The rebirth of a soul in a new body could be an animal or person
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93
Atman
the individual soul
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94
Maya
emotions and life are an illusion, happiness is temporary
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95
Brhaman
the ultimate reality, cannot be grasped with any senses, like God. No attributes, can be manifested into gods and goddesses. The life force of the Universe
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96
Trimurti
Brahma, Vishnu, Shiva
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97
Brahma
creator god
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98
Shiva
the destroyer god
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99
Vishnu
the preserver god
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Avitar
incarnations of gods who are part of the ultimate reality
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