Gender and World Final

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30 Terms

1

Colonialism

A practice where a powerful group controls another, exploiting their resources.

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2

Hernan Cortes

Sent to discover the Americas in 1519, leading to the conquest of the Aztec Empire.

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3

Conquistadors

Spanish male groups who conquered other empires, seeking gold, glory, and to spread Christianity.

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4

Malintzin

Sold into slavery, she played a crucial role as an interpreter for Cortes during the conquest.

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5

Inca Empire

Structured around gender equality, with men and women sharing roles in agriculture and leadership.

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6

Daughters of Liberty

Women who organized boycotts against British taxation during the American Revolution.

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7

Estates-General

A legislative body in France, where the 3rd estate formed the National Assembly during the Revolution.

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8

Olympe De Gouges

Executed for her feminist writings, including a satirical French declaration for women's rights.

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9

Marianne

A symbol of liberty in France, inspired by the Greek goddess, representing revolutionary ideals.

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10

Chattel Slavery

A system where individuals are owned as legal property, leading to abuse and exploitation in the colonies.

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11

Middle Passage

Slaves caught diseases and died during the transatlantic journey to the Americas.

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12

Saint Domingue

French name for Haiti, known for its profitable sugar plantations.

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13

Maroons

Runaway slaves who established communities and practiced Vodou religion.

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14

Toussaint L’Ouverture

Leader of the Haitian Revolution, inspired by the French Revolution.

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15

Napoleon Bonaparte

French military leader who crowned himself Emperor and enacted the Napoleonic Code.

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16

Separate Spheres

Concept of distinct societal roles for men (work, politics, war) and women (home, social).

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17

Scramble for Africa

European powers' competition to colonize African territories during the 19th century.

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18

Futurists

Group advocating for rejecting the past and embracing a future led by men through war.

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19

Triple Entente

Alliance of France, Britain, and Russia during WWI.

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20

Trench Warfare

Military strategy characterized by static positions and heavy casualties in WWI.

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21

Russian Women’s Battalion of Death

A military unit formed during the Russian Revolution with over 300 women members, allowed to fight for their country.

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22

Hitler Youth

Organization for young German boys promoting traditional masculinity, physical fitness, and loyalty to Germany, with membership reaching 1 million by 1936.

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23

Degenerative Art

Art deemed undesirable by the Nazi party, including works by artists like Otto Dix and Kathe Kollwitz, to promote positive propaganda for war.

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24

Cross of Honor of the German Mother

An award given to German mothers for raising healthy children, with Bronze, Silver, and Gold categories based on the number of children.

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25

League of German Girls (BDM)

A Nazi organization teaching girls to be good mothers, wives, and obedient to men, focusing on traditional roles like cooking and childcare.

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26

Pink Triangle

A badge worn by homosexual prisoners in concentration camps, with gay men being persecuted by the Nazis for lower birth rates.

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27

Weimar Republic

A period in Germany where homosexuality was almost decriminalized, but later persecuted by the Nazis for not conforming to traditional family values.

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28

Bolsheviks

Political group supporting the Soviets in Russia, leading to the October Revolution and the rise of the Soviet Union under Vladimir Lenin.

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29

Alexandra Kollontai

Involved in the Revolutionary Party under Lenin, advocating for women's rights and equality, but faced challenges with changing leadership.

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30

Nuclear Family

A concept in the United States representing a white mother, father, and two children, promoted during the Cold War to counter communist ideologies and encourage traditional family values.

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