AP Chem EQUATIONS REQUIRED TO REMEMBER

Why couldn't they just put it on the equation sheet?

Hybridization Equation

Number of atoms that central atom is touching (H₂O the oxygen is central and touching 2 hydrogen atoms)

+ Number of unshared electron pairs in central atom (H₂O there are 2 valence on oxygen)

= Steric Number

---

Steric Number = 2 is sp

Steric Number = 3 is sp²

Steric Number = 4 is sp³

(H₂O is sp³)

Boyle’s Law (Gas Law derive from ideal gas law GIVEN)

P₁V₁ = P₂V₂

Charle’s Law (Gas Law derive from ideal gas law GIVEN)

V₁ / T₁ = V₂ / T₂

Gay-Lussac’s Law (Gas Law, derive from ideal gas law GIVEN)

P₁ / T₁ = P₂ / T₂

Dilution Equation (What is new molarity after diluting?)

M₁V₁ = M₂V₂

Percent Yield

( Actual Yield / Theoretical Yield ) x 100

Percent Error

((Calculated Answer - Correct Answer) / Correct Answer) x 100

Change in Enthaply

H = H _{Bonds broken} - H _{Bonds Formed} (LEFT MINUS RIGHT, REACTANTS MINUS PRODUCTS)

[H⁺] equation

10^-pH

% Dissociation of a Weak Acid and Weak Base

( [H₃O⁺] / [HA] ) x 100 ( [OH^-] / [B] ) x 100

Titration Equation (at equivalence point!)

M _acid V _acid = M _base V _base

Potential Difference of Galvanic Cell

E _cell = E _cathode - E _anode