El 12 de octubre - levelled reading
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53 Terms
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los países hispanohablantes
Spanish-speaking countries
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conmemorar
to commemorate
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la llegada (noun)
arrival
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Cristobal Colón
Christopher Columbus
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"el Mundo Nuevo"
"New World" (an erroneous name given to the Americas after the arrival of Europeans)
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el orgullo
pride; arrogance (depends on context)
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El Día de la Raza
Day of the Race (12 de octubre)
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El Día de la Hispanidad
Day of Hispanic (from Spain) Heritage (12 de octubre)
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sobre todo
above all, especially
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reflexionar
to reflect, to look back
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las contribuciones
contributions
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las etnicidades
ethnicities
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la raza
race (ethnic)
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había
there was, there were
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las civilizaciones
civilizations
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las poblaciones
populations, communities
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a traves de
through
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el descubrimiento
discovery
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el viaje
trip, journey
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la población
population, village
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"los indios"
"Indians", Native Americans (this name was mistakenly given to Native Americans as Columbus thought he found India. This name is also used for people from actual India)
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la riqueza
richness; wealth
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convertir
to convert, to change, to turn into
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el catolicismo
Catholicism
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por un lado
on one hand/side
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el hecho
fact, event
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los pueblos indígenas
indigenous people
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por está razón
therefore, for this reason
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El Día de la Resistencia Indígena
Indigenous Resistance Day (12 de octubre; this term centers Indigenous peoples lived experiences as a result of colonization)
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El Día de la Descolonización
Day of Decolonization (12 de octubre; this term highlights the negative impacts/harm caused by colonization and seeks to encourage those with Indigenous ancestry to remember and reconnect to their original cultures before colonization)
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la lucha (noun)
struggle, fight
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los conquistadores
conquerors, colonizers
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por otro lado
on the other hand/side
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el mestizaje
mixture of races
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étnico(a)
ethnic
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civilizado(a) (adj)
civilized
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religioso(a)
religious
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los mayas
Mayans, indigenous people of the Yucatan Peninsula in Mexico and parts of Central America
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los aztecas
Aztecs: Indigenous people in Mexico (in modern times they are sometimes referred to as Mexica)
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los quechuas
Indigenous people from South America in the Chile, Peru, Bolivia region
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la religión
religion
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la esclavitud
slavery
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sufrir
to suffer
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construir
to construct, to build
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descubrir
to discover, uncover, to find out
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la conquista (noun)
conquest
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la perspectiva
perspective
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las creencias
beliefs
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las Indias Occidentales
West Indies (a group of islands in the Caribbean Sea and Gulf of Mexico that Columbus erroneously thought were India)
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el oriente
east
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el occidente
west
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la India
India (as in South Asia India)
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el/la indio(a)
Indigenous/Native American person; Indian (from India) (this name was erroneously given to the Indigenous peoples of the Americas because Columbus thought he landed in India. Today this term is considered slightly offensive, depending on context and intent)
Note 
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