FA1

true

scanning tunneling microscopy (stm) can resolve features as small as an atom. It uses a tungsten probe to map the surface of molecules like dna (true or false)

acid-fast stain

what staining technique is best for determining if a bacterium has a waxy outer layer?

c. india ink

which of the following is a “negative" stain?

a. methylene blue

b. crystal violet

c. india ink

d. carbolfuchsin

b. immunity

the protection from disease provided by vaccination is called:

a. chemotherapy

b. immunity

c. resistance

d. biogenesis

biofilms

complex masses of microbes attached to solid surfaces, such as teeth or medical implants

salvarsan

the “magic bullet" drug developed by Paul Ehrlich to treat syphilis

false

fermentation is the conversion of sugar to alcohol in the presence of air (true or false)

Ignaz Semmelweis

who was the first to advocate handwashing to prevent the spread of “childbed fever"?

b. they have peptidoglycan cell walls

which of the following is NOT a characteristic of fungi?

a. they are eukaryotes

b. they have peptidoglycan cell walls

c. they can be unicellular or multicellular

Robert Koch

a scientist who provided the first proof that a specific bacterium causes a specific disease by isolating Bacillus anthracis?

true

Zika virus is primarily transmitted by the bite of an infected mosquito (true or false)

Escherichia coli

You are a researcher investigating a gram-negative, rod-shaped bacterium that is prominent inhabitant of the human intestinal tract. This bacterium was also instrumental in the historical development of molecular biology and is frequently used in biotechnology to produce human proteins like insulin through recombinant DNA technology, What is the scientific name of this microorganism?

b. viruses

which of the following is acellular

a. fungi

b. viruses

c. bacteria

d. animal

false

microorganisms that practice “ Indefinite Colonization" are typically temporary visitors that leave the body after a few weeks

methanogens

which specialized microorganisms are obligate aerobes that produce methane by converting substances like carbon dioxide and hydrogen, and find oxygen to be poisonous?

Taq polymerase

What specific enzyme, sourced from the thermophile Thermus aquaticus, is considered a cornerstone of modern biology because it can survive the high heat necessary for PCR tests

true

mushrooms are considered multicellular organisms (true or false)

conjugation

in some species of protozoa, like Paramecium, what is the name of the sexual process used to exchange genetic material?

false

SARS-CoV-2 is a DNA virus (true or false)

Phylum Platyhelminthes

flatworms, which are characterized by being flattened from top to bottom (dorsoventrally), belong to which specific phylum?

Extracellular Polymeric Substances (EPS)

When free-floating (planktonic) bacteria attach to a submerged surface to form a biofilm, they secrete a gooey, slimy substance that acts as glue and protects them from the environment. What is the full name of this substance, often abbreviated as EPS?

chlorinated lime solution

to combat the spread if “puerperal fever" caused by “cadaverous particles,” what specific substances did Ignaz Semmelweis mandate that doctors usse to wash their hands, resulting in mortality rates dropping from nearly 18% to less than 21%?

antibiotics

these are “natural" chemicals produced by living microorganisms (like bacteria or molds) to inhibit the growth of competing microbes

interferons

These are natural proteins proteins products by your cells in response to a viral infection. They “interfere" with viral replication and signal neighboring cells to heighten their defenses.

Bacillus thuringiensis

Which specific bacterium acts as a “bacterial insecticide" by producing intracellular protein crystals known as Cry toxins, which dissolve in an insect's alkaline gut to cause death by septicimia or starvation?