McShaff Final Highlighted

Joseph Stalin

took control of Russia and focused on creating a model communist state.

Totalitarian 

individuals have no rights, and the government suppresses all opposition.

Benito Mussolini

established a totalitarian regime in Italy, where unemployment and inflation produced bitter strikes, some communist-led.

Fascism  

stressed nationalism and placed the interests of the state above those of individuals.

Adolf Hitler

Leader of the Nazi’s. 

Francisco Franco

A group of his army officers rebelled against the Spanish republic.

Neutrality Acts

Extended the ban on arms sales and loans to nations engaged in civil wars.

Winston Churchill

Chamberlain’s political rival in Great Britain.

Appeasement

Giving up principles to pacify an aggressor.

*Blitzkrieg*

Known as the lighting war, it made use of advances in military technology to take the enemy by surprise and then quickly crush all opposition with overwhelming force.

Holocaust

The systematic murder of 11 million people across Europe, more than half of whom were Jews.

Nagasaki

November 9–10, 1938, (“Night of Broken Glass.”)

Yalta Conference

In February 1945, as the Allies pushed toward victory in Europe, an ailing Roosevelt had met with Churchill and Stalin at the Black Sea resort city of Yalta in the Soviet Union.

Genocide

The deliberate and systematic killing of an entire population.

GI Bill of Rights

Provided education and training for veterans, paid for by the federal government.

Internment

A confinement of 1,444 Japanese Americans, 1 percent of Hawaii’s Japanese-American population.

Nisei

Japanese people born in this country of parents who emigrated from Japan. 

Attack on Pearl Harbor

A Japanese dive-bomber swooped low over Pearl Harbor, the largest U.S. naval base in the Pacific.

WACs

U.S. army unit created during World War II to enable women to serve in noncombat positions.

OPA

Fought inflation by freezing prices on most goods.

Battle of the Atlantic 

Hitler ordered submarine raids against ships along America’s east coast to prevent food and war materials from reaching Great Britain and the Soviet Union.

George Patton

Him and his Third Army advanced through a gap in a German line of defense. On August 23, Patton and the Third Army reached the Seine River south of Paris.

D-Day

June 6, 1944, the first day of the invasion.

V-E Day

Victory in Europe Day. The war in Europe was finally over.

Munich Pact

Turned the Sudetenland over to Germany without a single shot being fired.

J. Robert Oppenheimer

American scientist that led the development of the atomic bomb.

Hiroshima

An important Japanese military center.

Battle of Stalingrad

In the summer of 1942, the Germans took the offensive in the southern Soviet Union. Hitler hoped to capture Soviet oil fields in the Caucasus Mountain and also wanted to wipe out Stalingrad, a major industrial center on the Volga River. The German army confidently approached Stalingrad in August 1942.