Canine Behaviour (Cram 2/3)

What is the meaning of diurnal?

Describes an animal that is more active during the day

What percent of the day do newborn puppies spend sleeping?

80%

What percent of the day do adult dogs spend sleeping?

62%

What are the two kinds of sleep dogs must have?

1. SWS (slow wave sleep)

2. REM (rapid eye movement)

Why should you not wake a dog in REM sleep?

The dog may bite

Which rank of dog determines hierarchy in an interaction?

The lower ranked dog chooses to submit

Analyze the posture of the middle dog

His posture is fluid and relaxed: Calm

Analyze the posture of the dog on the left

Analyze the posture of this dog

He is cowering: Frightened

Analyze the posture of this dog

He is lifting a paw: Alert (may also be submissive “I mean no harm”)

Analyze the tail position of this dog

To the left = dislike

Analyze the tail position of this dog

To the right = like

What does a wagging tail mean?

Excitement or arousal, it does not necessarily mean the dog is friendly

Analyze the tail position of this dog

Tucked: Becoming frightened (defensive) or frightened

Analyze the fur of this dog

It is showing piloerection: Suprised, fearful, aroused, or becoming aggressive

Analyze the eyes of this dog

Soft/ relaxed: Calm

Analyze the eyes of this dog

Direct eye contact, hard: Concentrated, becoming aggressive

Analyze the eyes of this dog

Dilated pupils, no direct eye contact, white of eye: Becoming frightened (defensive)

Analyze the eyes of this dog

Pupils constricted: Increasing aggression

Analyze the eyes of this dog

Whale eye, dilated pupil, not direct eye contact: Becoming frightened (defensive)

Analyze the mouth of this dog

Show some teeth, corner of mouth forward: Becoming aggressive

Analyze the mouth of the dog on the right

Submissive grin: Submissive greeting

Analyze the mouth of this dog

Long lips: Fear aggression

What kind of submission is a dog showing with these signs: corners of mouth back, ears back, paw lift, low tail wag, and licking at you?

Active submission

What kind of submission is a dog showing with these signs: eyes looking away, tail tucked, roll over and present inguinal area

Passive submission

What are the five means of treatment/prevention of aggression in dogs?

1. Castration

2. Behavioral modification by counter conditioning and desensitization

3. Drug therapy

4. Proper socialization as a pup

5. Euthanasia

What is the cause of the majority of aggressive behaviours?

Fear and anxiety

How do you help a dog with fear aggression?

Approach in a non–threatening manner, use counter conditioning to change the emotional state

What age group does play aggression occur most in?

Puppies and young dogs that do not have appropriate play skills yet

What kind of aggression might be seen in an injured dog?

Pain aggression

When a dog growls at you if you try to remove a bone from him, what kind of aggression is he showing?

Food–related aggression

How can you help a dog with food–related aggression?

Use classical and operant counter conditioning with positive reinforcement to teach "drop it"

When a dog growls at you when you try to take a toy away from it, what kind of aggression is it showing?

Possession aggression

How can you help a dog with possession aggression?

Teach tug–of–war. The dog learns that relinquishing the item does not mean the fun is over

What type of aggression sometimes results in the dog stalk and killing an animal/small child?

Predatory aggression

What can you do to help a dog with predatory aggression?

Restraint or redirection

When a dog growls at you when you try to approach his owner, what kind of aggression is he showing?

Protective aggression

How will a dog displaying protective aggression appear?

He will have a forward aggressive stance, and place itself between the threat and the owner

What kind of aggression might result in you getting bit if you're trying to break up a dog fight?

Redirected aggression

When a dog sits at the window in its house and barks at another dog outside, when kind of aggression is it showing?

Territorial aggression

When two dogs of the same sex live in the same household and have frequent spats over resources, what kind of aggression is this?

Interdog aggression

What kind of aggression should be a concern to you if you're handling the puppies of a dam's first litter?

Maternal aggression

What can you do to help a dog with maternal aggression?

Remove the mother before handling the pups

What type of aggression is a genetic predisposition of certain breeds (Pitbull, German Shepard, Akita etc.)?

Dominance aggression

What type of aggression will a dog with rabies show?

Disease induced aggression

Define a level 1 bite

Obnoxious or aggressive behavior but no skin–contact by teeth

Define a level 2 bite

Skin–contact by teeth but no skin–puncture. However, may be skin nicks (less than one tenth of an inch deep) and slightbleeding caused by forward or lateral movement of teeth against skin, but no vertical punctures.

Define a level 3 bite

One to four punctures from a single bite with no puncture deeper than half the length of the dog’s canine teeth. Maybelacerations in a single direction, caused by victim pulling hand away, owner pulling dog away, or gravity (little dog jumps, bites anddrops to floor).

Define a level 4 bite

One to four punctures from a single bite with at least one puncture deeper than half the length of the dog’s canine teeth. Mayalso have deep bruising around the wound (dog held on for N seconds and bore down) or lacerations in both directions (dog held onand shook its head from side to side).

Define a level 5 bite

Multiple–bite incident with at least two Level 4 bites or multiple–attack incident with at least one Level 4 bite in each

Define a level 6 bite

Victim died

What is the recommended course of action for dogs with a level 5 or 6 bite history

Euthanasia