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physical object embody general idea (PEN is mightier than the SWORD)
Metonymy
repetition initial consonant in multiple words (buckets of big blueberries)
Alliteration
repetition of vowel (refresh, zest)
Assonance
alternatives (either with us or against us)
Alliosis
repetition beginning clauses (we shall, we shall, we shall)
Anaphora
repetition concluding word (people, people, people)
Epistrophe
repeating first word at end of same clause (king is dead, long live the king!)
Epanalepsis
repeating last word at beginning of next clause (opened a café, a café that ruined her financially)
Anadiplosis
similar patterns (people, people, people)
Parallelism
contrary ideas (Evil men fear authority; good men cherish it.)
Antithesis
inverted word order (One win does not a champion make.)
Anastrophe
taking parallelism and inside out, "crisscross" pattern (By day they frolic, and they dance by night.)
Chiasmus
omit word implied by previous clause (bought the shoes, not the dress)
Ellipsis
no conjunctions, simple (Been there. Done that.)
Asyndeton
something is something else (Love is a battlefield)
Metaphor
contradiction that oddly makes sense (Without laws we can have no freedom)
Oxymoron (paradox)
Understatement (somewhat worried when psycho ran toward me with a chainsaw)
Meiosis
type of meiosis, negative statement (Einstein is not a bad mathmetician)
Litotes
part of a physical object represent the whole object (All hands on deck!)
Synecdoche
address someone or abstraction not physically present (Table, you have given us so many great times)
Apostrophe
rhetorical question provokes thought (how many deaths will it take till we know that too many people have died?)
Erotema
unexpected twist in meaning of words
Tropes
word order over meaning
Schemes