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Napoleon is the greatest ___ mind of all time
Military
During the Italian campaign, Napoleon is able to ____ warfare
Revolutionize
Napoleon used this to seize the gov’t in 1799 and declared himself ___
Coup d’etat; First Consul
Napopleon created a new ___ after seizing the gov’t
code of laws
Napoleon went to war with who, starting the Napoleonic Wars?
His neighbors
Napoleon declared himself what in 1804?
Emperor of France
Which empire gained teritory through conquest from its neighbors?
The French Empire
What country was the only country to suceed against Napoleon?
England
Napoleon invaded what country, which was a massive mistake?
Russia
Napoleon had an army of 600,000 men, how many died when retreating?
500,000
What island is Napoleon exiled to in 1814? Does he live?
Elba, yes
The King is forced to abdocate his throne, who is in control of France?
Napoleon
Where was Napoleon finally defeated? Who was he defeated by?
Waterloo, Duke of Wellington
Where is Napoleon sent to in 1815? Does he live?
Saint Helena, no
Was Napoleon sucessful or uncusessful in his attempt to unify Europe under France?
Unsuccessful
What is the Napoleonic Code? Did the peolpe like it?
A law code made by napoleon, yes
What are the two affects of Napoleons legacy?
Awakening nationalism
Napoleonic code
What are the dates of the congress of Vienna?
1814-1815
Who are the key countries in the CoV?
Prussia
Russia
Austria
England
France
What was the overarching goal of the CoV?
Restoring Europe back to the way it was before the French Rev
What are the specific goals of the CoV? What do they mean?
Balance of power: no one country had too much power
New poitical map of Europe
Goals of the CoV
Napoleon eliminated/combined many monarchies. Rulers worried France’s Revolution would spread to other countries
When Europe’s leaders meet the goals of the CoV, what happens throughout Europe?
Widesperad anger
Whay two political philosophies are created in the wake of the CoV?
Liberation and Conservatism
What is nationalism?
A desire of a people for self-rule
What is nationalism based on?
Common cultures, language, and heritage
Who’s event started nationalism in Europe
Napoleons occupation of Euro in the early 1800s
What did nationalistic people feel it was time to form?
Their own nations
How did nationalism grow?
National pride
Democratic ideals
Economic competition
Who was Sarah Parker Raymond and what did she do?
A black, American woman who went to England for support in American anti-slavery campaigns
The UK expanded political rights through what?
Legislative means and making slavery illegal
Italy was culturally important. Why?
Rome was the center of the Catholic Church
Italy had a long history of what?
Classical civilizations
What three things divided Italy? Explain
Cultural Differences
Different dialects and foreign control
Economic differences
Poor transport, north = industry and south = agriculture
Political differences
The CoV divided it, Spain and Austria controlled at different times
What 4 areas are Italy divided into? Who rules?
Kingdom of Two Sicilies: Ruled by French king
Papal States: Ruled by Pope
Sardinia: Ruled by an Italian
Austria
Giuseppe Mazzini was the what of the IU?
The Heart
What failed thing did Mazzini lead in 1848?
A nationalistic revolurion
Who was the king of Sardinia who became king of Italy and was a leader in the IU?
Victor Emmanuel II
Who was VE II’s Prime Minister?
Camille Di Cavour
What was the sneaky part of Cavours plan?
Austria not knowing about France and Sardinias secret alliance
Who was the military commander who gained control of Souther Italy and Sicily?
Giuseppe Garibaldi
What supported a union of the south and north in Oct. 1860?
Nation vote
What place didn’t joun un the union of Feb 1861 under VE II?
Rome and the Papal States
Where did. theCapital of Italy move for the Pope to join the unification?
Florence to Rome
What coutry was born after the IU?
Italy
Prior to unification, what made up most of (what would be) Germany?
The Holy Roman Empire
What divided the German people?
Geography and religious differences
Christianity in Germany is divided. How?
Northern G: Catholics
Southern G: Protestants
What war was the most significant in the HRE? What percent of people died?
The 30 Years’ War, 25-33%
What major things tied Germans together?
Language and traditions
How many states were German lands organized into after the HRE and CoV?
39
What were the two dominant states of the German lands, who were also rivals?
Austria and Prussia
What did Prussia start as?
A Monastic Crusader state
What geog. region did Prussia dominate?
Northern Germany
Prussia was famous for what?
The strong and efficient military
What king of Prussia wanted to unite Germany?
King William I
Who was the Prime Minister to the King of Prussia?
Otto Von Bismarck
What did Bismarck believe in?
Blood and Iron
A powerful military ensured Prussias place in the world
Realpolitik
Justifies all means to achieve and hold power
What did Bismarcks plab to Unite Germany under Prussia need?
A common cause war
What war was used as the common cause war?
The 30 years’ war
Who won the Franco-Prussian war?
Prussia
What happened on Jan 18, 1871?
William I became Kaiser
What is William I’s reign known as? What does it mean?
Second Reich; German word for Empire (Second Empire)
Who became German chancellor?
BismarcK
Who fired Bismarck in 1890?
Wilhelm II
What did the agressive Wilhelm II want?
War and violence
Who rules in Liberalism vs. Conservatism?
All male property owners (L); Monarchs and nobles, inherited rule (C)
What are the goals of gov’t in Liberalism vs. Conservatism?
Protect the rights of Liberty and Property (L); Keep order, maintain stability (C)
What is the form of gov’t in Liberalism vs. Conservatism?
Republic with constitution (L); Monarchy based on heredity (C)
What is the economy in Liberalism vs. Conservatism?
Laissex faire—gov’t takes hands off business (L); Controlled by nobles (C)
What is the religion in Liberalism vs. Conservatism?
Freedom of religion (L)’ Established state Church (C)
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Flashcard (127)