Euro Nationalism

Napoleon is the greatest ___ mind of all time

Military

During the Italian campaign, Napoleon is able to ____ warfare

Revolutionize

Napoleon used this to seize the gov’t in 1799 and declared himself ___

Coup d’etat; First Consul

Napopleon created a new ___ after seizing the gov’t

code of laws

Napoleon went to war with who, starting the Napoleonic Wars?

His neighbors

Napoleon declared himself what in 1804?

Emperor of France

Which empire gained teritory through conquest from its neighbors?

The French Empire

What country was the only country to suceed against Napoleon?

England

Napoleon invaded what country, which was a massive mistake?

Russia

Napoleon had an army of 600,000 men, how many died when retreating?

500,000

What island is Napoleon exiled to in 1814? Does he live?

Elba, yes

The King is forced to abdocate his throne, who is in control of France?

Napoleon

Where was Napoleon finally defeated? Who was he defeated by?

Waterloo, Duke of Wellington

Where is Napoleon sent to in 1815? Does he live?

Saint Helena, no

Was Napoleon sucessful or uncusessful in his attempt to unify Europe under France?

Unsuccessful

What is the Napoleonic Code? Did the peolpe like it?

A law code made by napoleon, yes

What are the two affects of Napoleons legacy?

• Awakening nationalism

• Napoleonic code

What are the dates of the congress of Vienna?

1814-1815

Who are the key countries in the CoV?

• Prussia

• Russia

• Austria

• England

• France

What was the overarching goal of the CoV?

Restoring Europe back to the way it was before the French Rev

What are the specific goals of the CoV? What do they mean?

• Balance of power: no one country had too much power

• New poitical map of Europe

• Goals of the CoV

  • Napoleon eliminated/combined many monarchies. Rulers worried France’s Revolution would spread to other countries

When Europe’s leaders meet the goals of the CoV, what happens throughout Europe?

Widesperad anger

Whay two political philosophies are created in the wake of the CoV?

Liberation and Conservatism

What is nationalism?

A desire of a people for self-rule

What is nationalism based on?

Common cultures, language, and heritage

Who’s event started nationalism in Europe

Napoleons occupation of Euro in the early 1800s

What did nationalistic people feel it was time to form?

Their own nations

How did nationalism grow?

• National pride

• Democratic ideals

• Economic competition

Who was Sarah Parker Raymond and what did she do?

A black, American woman who went to England for support in American anti-slavery campaigns

The UK expanded political rights through what?

Legislative means and making slavery illegal

Italy was culturally important. Why?

Rome was the center of the Catholic Church

Italy had a long history of what?

Classical civilizations

What three things divided Italy? Explain

• Cultural Differences

  • Different dialects and foreign control

• Economic differences

  • Poor transport, north = industry and south = agriculture

• Political differences

  • The CoV divided it, Spain and Austria controlled at different times

What 4 areas are Italy divided into? Who rules?

• Kingdom of Two Sicilies: Ruled by French king

• Papal States: Ruled by Pope

• Sardinia: Ruled by an Italian

• Austria

Giuseppe Mazzini was the what of the IU?

The Heart

What failed thing did Mazzini lead in 1848?

A nationalistic revolurion

Who was the king of Sardinia who became king of Italy and was a leader in the IU?

Victor Emmanuel II

Who was VE II’s Prime Minister?

Camille Di Cavour

What was the sneaky part of Cavours plan?

Austria not knowing about France and Sardinias secret alliance

Who was the military commander who gained control of Souther Italy and Sicily?

Giuseppe Garibaldi

What supported a union of the south and north in Oct. 1860?

Nation vote

What place didn’t joun un the union of Feb 1861 under VE II?

Rome and the Papal States

Where did. theCapital of Italy move for the Pope to join the unification?

Florence to Rome

What coutry was born after the IU?

Italy

Prior to unification, what made up most of (what would be) Germany?

The Holy Roman Empire

What divided the German people?

Geography and religious differences

Christianity in Germany is divided. How?

• Northern G: Catholics

• Southern G: Protestants

What war was the most significant in the HRE? What percent of people died?

The 30 Years’ War, 25-33%

What major things tied Germans together?

Language and traditions

How many states were German lands organized into after the HRE and CoV?

39

What were the two dominant states of the German lands, who were also rivals?

Austria and Prussia

What did Prussia start as?

A Monastic Crusader state

What geog. region did Prussia dominate?

Northern Germany

Prussia was famous for what?

The strong and efficient military

What king of Prussia wanted to unite Germany?

King William I

Who was the Prime Minister to the King of Prussia?

Otto Von Bismarck

What did Bismarck believe in?

• Blood and Iron

  • A powerful military ensured Prussias place in the world

• Realpolitik

  • Justifies all means to achieve and hold power

What did Bismarcks plab to Unite Germany under Prussia need?

A common cause war

What war was used as the common cause war?

The 30 years’ war

Who won the Franco-Prussian war?

Prussia

What happened on Jan 18, 1871?

William I became Kaiser

What is William I’s reign known as? What does it mean?

Second Reich; German word for Empire (Second Empire)

Who became German chancellor?

BismarcK

Who fired Bismarck in 1890?

Wilhelm II

What did the agressive Wilhelm II want?

War and violence

Who rules in Liberalism vs. Conservatism?

All male property owners (L); Monarchs and nobles, inherited rule (C)

What are the goals of gov’t in Liberalism vs. Conservatism?

Protect the rights of Liberty and Property (L); Keep order, maintain stability (C)

What is the form of gov’t in Liberalism vs. Conservatism?

Republic with constitution (L); Monarchy based on heredity (C)

What is the economy in Liberalism vs. Conservatism?

Laissex faire—gov’t takes hands off business (L); Controlled by nobles (C)

What is the religion in Liberalism vs. Conservatism?

Freedom of religion (L)’ Established state Church (C)