Introduction to Poultry and Egg Production Systems

A set of vocabulary flashcards covering key concepts from the lecture on poultry and egg production systems.

What is poultry?

Domesticated birds bred in captivity to create products of value to humans.

Galliformes

An order of poultry that includes chickens, turkeys, pheasants, guinea fowl, and quail.

Anseriformes

An order of poultry that includes waterfowl such as ducks and geese.

Domestication

The process of genetically altering a species through selective breeding to suit human needs.

Red Jungle Fowl

The wild ancestor of the domestic chicken, scientifically known as Gallus gallus spadiceus.

Table Eggs

Non-fertile eggs produced primarily for human consumption.

Broilers

Meat chickens raised specifically for meat production.

Integrated Production Systems

A system that secures the supply chain between breeding, hatching, and growing chickens.

Supply Management System

A system authorized by the 1972 Farm Products Agencies Act to control the production and pricing of eggs and poultry in Canada.

Quota

The right to produce and sell a specified amount of eggs at prices set by the marketing board.

Enriched Colony Cage Systems

A type of egg production system designed to provide more space and amenities for laying hens.

Aviaries

Production systems that allow birds multiple levels and perches for living, increasing space and enrichment.

Biosecurity

Measures taken to prevent the introduction and spread of diseases in poultry populations.

Vertical Integration

A system where all parts of the poultry production process, from breeding to processing, are controlled by a single company.

Hybrid Vigor

The improved or increased function of any biological quality in a hybrid offspring.

Canadian Hatching Egg Producers (CHEP)

An organization representing hatching egg producers in Canada.

Marek's Disease

A viral disease in poultry that can be mitigated by vaccination.

Genotype

The genetic constitution of an individual organism.

Phenotype

The observable characteristics of an organism, which result from the interaction of its genotype with the environment.

Turkey Production in Canada

A smaller but supply-managed sector within poultry production that is often seasonal.

Further Processing in Poultry

The stage in poultry production where processed chicken and turkey products are made for retail.

Chickens and Eggs Production Cycle

A cycle where chicks are raised to produce either eggs or meat, illustrating the interdependence in poultry farming.