Lecture Notes on Waves

Flashcards covering key vocabulary and concepts related to waves, wavelengths, frequency, and the Doppler effect.

1. Which waves carries the most
   energy?

Gamma rays

Radio Waves

Waves with the least energy.

Waves used in food preparation

Microwaves

Crest

Highest point of a wave. ( Transverse wave)

Trough

Lowest point of a wave. (Transverse wave)

Compression

Regions of increased density in a longitudinal wave.

Rarefaction

Regions of decreased density in a longitudinal wave.

Formula to calculate wave speed

V = fλ

Effect of decreasing wavelength on speed

Speed decreases

Effect of increasing frequency on speed

Speed Increases

Effect of increasing wavelength on speed

Speed increases

V

speed, Measured in Meters per seconds (m/s)

Unit for Frequency (f)

Hertz (Hz)

Unit for Wavelength (λ)

Meters (m)

Doppler Effect

An increase or decrease in the frequency of sound, light, or other waves as the source and observer move towards/or away from each other.

Transverse Waves

Waves that travel perpendicular to the direction of energy transport.

Relationship between frequency and energy in a wave

Directly related

A wave with a low frequency had a

Low energy

Transverse waves

Longitudinal waves

List two items that can convert chemical energy into mechanical energy.

car engine and human body

List two items that can convert electrical energy into heat energy.

Electric heater and a toaster

Displacement

Change in an oblect's position specifically the straght -line distance/ direction Between it's inital and anal positions

1. Provide the formula for calculating the heat of an object, list the units that accompany each part.

1. Q= MC🔺T

Q=heat /unit = JOUles(5)

C=specitic heat Capicity

Unit=J/gx•c

M: Mass

unit=GraMs |Kg

🔺T=Change in TeMPerature

Unit=•C or oK

Which is the highest PE or KE when the car on a roller coaster is at the top of a hill?

Potential energy

*Kinetic onergy is lowest point when top because it slows down

PE= Potential Energy Formula

PE= M G H

KE=Kinetic Energy

KE= (1/2) MV²

Define a conductor

Material or substances which allow

electricity to flow through them

List the Phase changes matter can experience.

• Freezing: Liquid to solid.

• Melting: Solid to liquid.

• Evaporation (also called vaporization): Liquid to gas.

• Condensation: Gas to liquid.

• Sublimation: Solid directly to gas.

• Deposition: Gas directly to solid.

• Ionization: Gas to plasma.

• Recombination: Plasma to gas.

Evaluate the diagram, then for each letter identify what is occurring at those points.

A. Temperature increases Solid phase B. teMperature constant soild to liquid (Melting) C. temperture increase liqua phase D. temperature constant Liquid to gas E. temperature increase gas Phase

Distance

Is a Measure of the space between two points object, or location, quantified linearly along a straight line or specific path

Define velocity

rate at which an object changes its position

Define speed

rate at which an object covers distance

Provide the formula to calculate speed

Provide the formula to calculate velocity

Provide the formula for calculating acceleration:

What is force?

is a push or pull that can cause an object to accelerate

State the 3 newton’s law

First law law of inertia, states that an object at rest will remain at rest, and an object in motion will remain in motion with the same speed and direction unless acted upon by an unbalanced force.

Newton's Second Law of Motion

force acting on an object is equal to the mass of that object multiplied by its acceleration. Mathematically, this is represented as F = ma

Newton's third law of motion

Law of Action and Reaction", states that when two objects interact, they apply equal and opposite forces on each other.

What is the speed of gravity?

299,792,458 metors per second (roughly 300,000 Kilometers per second or 180,000 miles per second)