common CPU components

Accumulator

________- holds results of calculations that have been done by the ALU.

Cache memory

________- is a very quick, immediate storage that is located very near the CPU.

Memory read +memory write-

________ these are instructions that the control bus carries out.

ALU

________- Arithmetic and Logical unit- perform logical and arithmetic operations.

CU control unit

________- co- operates all the processes flowing in and out of the processor.

Data Bus

________: carries instructions from main memory (RAM) or secondary storage (hard disk, DVD…) to the processor (CPU), this is bi- directional (two- way)

ALU-Arithmetic and Logical unit

perform logical and arithmetic operations

CU-control unit

co-operates all the processes flowing in and out of the processor

Cache memory

is a very quick, immediate storage that is located very near the CPU

Programme Counter

PC-

Accumulator

holds results of calculations that have been done by the ALU

System bus

parrel wires that connect two or more independent components of a computer system in order to pass signals between them

Data Bus

carries instructions from main memory(RAM) or secondary storage(hard disk, DVD…) to the processor(CPU), this is bi-directional (two-way)

memory read +memory write

these are instructions that the control bus carries out

Secondary storage

used for Long term storage of data and instructions e.g. hard disk drive, DVD-R(read). flash memory

ROM- read-only memory-

instructions are permanently etched on a ROM chip

- when power is turned off, instructions still remains in the ROM chip(non-volatile)
- BOOTSTRAP LOADER is held in the ROM

EEPROM-electronically erasable programmable read-only memory-

e.g. sim cards/ flash memory- instructions/data can be erased electronically and replaced

RAM-Random Access Memory-

holds data/instruction that are currently in use by the computer

- located on the motherboard
- directly accessible by the processor
- all data/instructions are lost once power is turned off(volatile)

peripherals-

devices not directly connected to the CPU e.g. mouse, keyboard and printers