Conquest of Egypt, Siege of Tyre, Visit to Siwah, Battle of Gaugamela

When was Alexander’s conquest of Egypt?

332BC

When was Alexander’s Siege of Tyre?

332BC

When did Alexander visit Siwa?

331BC

Why is the Siege of Tyre a good example of Alexander’s leadership?

He was continually faced with new problems and was able to come up with solutions to these problems

Why did Alexander conquer Egypt without a fight?

The Egyptians saw Alexander as a liberator rather than a conqueror

How did the Egyptains welcome Alexander?

They welcome him with open arms and crowned him Pharoah of Egypt

How did Alexander treat the Egyptians compared to the Persians?

Alexander treated them with respect and tolerance while the Persians desecrated their temples and roasted the sacred bull of Apis

What did Alexander’s conquest of Egypt illustrate about him?

His understanding of propaganda, his generosity to his soldiers, his economic interests, his acceptance of other cultures and religions

Why did the possible reasons why Alexander visit Siwa?

He may have had a passionate desire to visit the oracle at Siwa, He was being irrational, He desired to be like his ancestors, Might’ve wanted to learn about his relationship with Zeus

What did Callistenes say about the march to Siwa?

The gods sent rain to avert thirst and birds to guide  them when they got lost

What did Ptolemy say about the march to Siwa?

Talking snakes guided Alexander’s army when they got lost

What did Aristobulous say about the march to Siwa?

Two crows flew in front of the army and acted as guides to Alexander

Who did the priest at Siwa greet Alexander as?

The son of Ammon

Why did Callistenes publicise the greeting of the priest at Siwa?

There was great propaganda value in the soldiers fighting for Alexander believeing he was the son of a god

What caused the Siege of Tyre?

The Tyrians refused to allow Alexander to make a sacrifice in their city

Why did Alexander hold games for his soldiers after visiting Siwa?

To reward them for all the hardships that they had gone through so far 

What questions did Alexander ask according to Plutarch?

Would Alexander rule the world and were the murderers of Phillip punished

When was the Battle of Gaugamela?

331BC

What was Alexander’s reaction to Parmenio’s advice in the Battle of Gaugamela according to Arrian?

I will not demean myself by stealing a victory like a thief

What did Parmenio advise Alexander to do in the Battle of Gaugamela and why?

To attack at night because the enemy would not be expecting it

Why did Alexander reject Parmenio’s advice to attack at night in the Battle of Gaugamela?

He wanted to give no excuse for Darius’ loss, There was dannger and uncertainty in a night attack

Why did Darius have his men stay up during the night in the Battle of Gaugamela?

So that they’ll be ready if Alexander decided to attack during the night

How did staying up throughout the night affect Darius’ men at the battle of Gaugamela?

They had all night to ponder about the looming battle which decreased moral, They were tired during the battle

Why did Alexander give up his pursuit for Darius during the Battle of Gaugamela?

He went to save his left wing and it became dark

When did Alexander declare himself King of Asia?

When he occupied the economic heartland of Persia

Why did the Macedonian army see the Battle of Gaugamela in a negative light?

Alexander began to adopt more Eastern practices, governance, and dress

How did the Macedonians see the Persians?

Passive, feminine, and superstitious

How did the Macedonians see themselves?

Active, masculine, dynamic