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Farmers’ Alliance
Movement formed by a local organization to advance farmers’ collective interests
People’s Party
A political party formed by Farmers’ Alliance to advance economic democracy, promoting land, and monetary reform.
Homestead Lockout
Lockout of workers at the homestead, steel mill after Carnegie refused to renew the union contract and workers prepared to strike.
Cripple creek miners’ strike
Strike led by the Western federation of miners to go against the attempting of lengthening their work days to 10 hrs. (they were successful and kept the 8-hr work day).
Pullman boycott
Nationwide railroad workers boycott of trains carrying Pullman cars in 1894 after Pullman workers, suffering radically reduced wages.
National American Woman Suffrage Association (NAWSA)
The NAWSA pursued state-level campaigns to gain the vote for women. With successes in Idaho, Colorado, and Utah, woman suffrage had become more accepted by the 1890s.
Coxey’s army
Unemployed men who marched to Washington DC to urge Congress to enact a public works program to end unemployment.
Boxer uprising
(in China led by boxers) an anti-foreign society, in which 30,000 Chinese converts and 250 foreign Christians were killed.
Monroe Doctrine
President James Monroe's 1823 declaration that the Western Hemisphere was closed to further colonization or interference by European powers. In exchange Monroe pledged that the United States would not become involved in European struggles.
Open Door policy
Policy by Secretary of State John Hay recommending that the major powers of the United states, Britain, Japan, Germany, France, and Russia have access to trade with China and the Chinese sovereignty be maintained.
Spanish-American War
1898 war between Spain and the United States that began as an effort to free Cuba from Spain's Colonial rule. The United States got control `of Cuba and colonies in Puerto Rico, Guam, and the Philippines.
yellow journalism
Term first given to sensationalistic newspaper reporting in cartoon images rendered in yellow.
Progressivism
reform movement that often advocated government activism to mitigate the problems created by urban industrialism.
settlement houses
establishments in poor neighborhoods carried out by Jane Addams and Lillian Wald who believed that only by living among the poor could they help bridge the growing class divide.
social gospel
A vision of Christianity that saw its mission as not simply to reform individuals but to reform society.
Reform Darwinism
Sociological theory developed in the 1880s that argued humans could speed up evolution by altering their environment.
Muckraking
Style of journalism that exposed the corruption of big business and government.
Roosevelt Corollary
Follow-up to the Monroe Doctrine in which he declared that the United States had the right to intervene in Latin America to stop”brutal wrongdoing” and protect American interests.
The New Nationalism
Campaign slogan by Theodore Roosevelt that reflected his commitment to federal planning and regulation.
The New Freedom
Campaign slogan by Woodrow Wilson that reflected his belief in limited government and states’ rights.
Socialist Party
Political party that advocated cooperation over competition and promoted the breakdown of capitalism.
Industrial Workers of the World (IWW)
Umbrella union and radical political group that was dedicated to organizing unskilled workers to oppose capitalism.
Birth Control Movement
It advocated that contraception would alter social and political power relationships; by having fewer babies it could constrict the workforce size for higher wages.
Plessy v. Ferguson
Supreme Court ruling that upheld the legality of racial segregation. According to the ruling, Blacks could be segregated in separate schools, restrooms, and other facilities as long as the facilities were "equal" to those provided for whites.
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