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matter definition
anything w mass + volume
solid (shape, volume)
DEFINITE shape + volume
liquid (shape, volume)
DEFINITE volume + shape of container
gas (shape, volume)
neither
classification of matter
pure substances and mixtures
pure substances (defintion)
matter that is uniform (homogeneous) + fixed composition by mass
Mixtures
Two or more different substances mixed together.
Pure substances (types)
Elements and Compounds
Element (definition)
atoms of a SINGLE type and cant decompose further
compound (definition)
1+ type of element (FIXED)
types of mixtures
homogeneous and heterogeneous
homogeneous mixture (definition)
uniform combo of substances; evenly mixed
heterogeneous mixture (definition)
scattered mixture; not uniformly dispersed
physical property definition
measured w/o changing the identity + composition of a substance
examples of physical properties (at least 3)
color, odor, density, melting/boiling point, solubility, texture
chemical properties (definition)
lead to changes in the identity + composition of a substance
which subatomic particles are found inside the nucleus at the center of an atom?
protons (+) and neutrons (-)
where are electrons located?
outside the nucleus in the ELECTRON CLOUD
if a neutron number changes for an element, does the element change?
no bc only proton # can change an elements identity
which subatomic particle adds mass to an atom
neutron
charge for neutron
0
charge for proton
+
charge for electron
-
atomic # =
proton # = electron #
how to find atomic mass
p-n (proton # - neutron #)
HOW is the periodic table organized?
increasing atomic #
isotope (definition)
when the neutron # of an element changes but has the same proton #
molecule (definition)
smallest identifiable sample of a substance
types of molecules (3)
diatomic molecules, monatomic molecules, polyatomic molecules
which type of molecule is the noble gas group?
they are all MONATOMIC mlc (want to be left alone)
which molecule contains “7 up”
POLYATOMIC
MONatomic mlc (definition)
isolated atoms that do not want to react/interact w other atoms
POLYatomic mlc (definition)
2+ atoms linked together
DIatomic mlc (defintion)
EXACTLY 2 atoms linked together; paired w itself
monatomic molecules (list them out)
He, Ne, Ar, Kr, Xe, Rn (AKA noble gases)
diatomic molecules (list them out)
H2, O2, N2, F2, Cl2, Br2, I2 (AKA 7up)
polyatomic molecules (list them out)
O3, P4, S8, C60
the identity of an element is determined by ______
atomic #/proton #
physical changes/rxn (definition)
changes that accompany the measurement of PHYSICAL properties
chemical changes/rxn (defintion)
changes that accompany the measurement of CHEMICAL properties
what type of change/rxn are phase changes?
physical changes/rxn