CONSTRUCTION TECHNOLOGY 1 LEC 04

CE TECH LESSON 4

Wood

Defined by the National Structural Code of the Philippines (NSCP) as: Hard, fibrous tissue found in the stems and roots of trees.

Lumber

Process wood into uniform sizes, ready for construction. (According to NSCP)

Rough Lumber

Raw material for multiple uses

Finished Lumber

Processed wood, ready for use with minimal cutting.

Timber

Defined as square or nearly square sawn lumber, at least 125 mm wide, used in various building parts.

Timber

Square or nearly square sawn lumber that is at least 125mm wide. (According to NSCP)

Diagonal Subfloor

Provide structural integrity.

Double Joists

Supports weight.

Solid Bridging

Connects joists for strength.

Plywood Subfloor

Acts as a base layer.

Anchor Sill

Secures the structure.

Lapped Joists

Joined at the girder.

Space for Sheating

Needed in joist arrangements.

Board Foot

Measurement unit for lumber volume despite metric usage.

1 board foot =

1 sq. ft x 1 inch thick = 144 cubic inches

board foot =

quantity (nominal volume) / 12

Nominal size

Original dimensions before drying/planing, used in merchandising.

Normal size

Smaller, due to drying and planing processes.

NSCP

The National Structural Code of the Philippines

Drying

It shrinks in width and thickness

Planing

Removes up to ¼ inch from both dimensions of the wood.

1” x 2”

¾ “ x 1 ½ “

1” x 3”

¾ “ x 2 ½ “

1” x 4”

¾ “ x 3 ½ “

1” x 6”

¾ “ x 5 ½ “

1” x 8”

¾ “ x 7 ¼ “

2” x 2”

1 ½ “ x 1 ½ “

2” x 4”

1 ½ “ x 3 ½ “

2” x 6”

1 ½ “ x 5 ½ “

2” x 8”

1 ½ “ x 7 ½ “

4” x 4”

3 ½ “ x 3 ½ “

6” x 6”

5 ½ “ x 5 ½ “

Studs

Vertical wood members used in walls

Joists

Horizontal wood members that support floor and ceilings

Rafters

Sloped wood members that support the roof structure

Sills

Horizontal and treated wood members that lay directly on the foundation, and provide base for the wall framing

Headers

Horizontal wood members placed above door and window openings to support the weight from above

Plates

Horizontal wood members at the top and bottom of walls

Sole plate or Bottom plate

Bottom plates

Top plate

Top plate

Sheating

Panels attached to the exterior of the framing to provide structural stability and a base for exterior finishes