APUSH Unit 1 Test

American Imperialization

Americans need to expand because of overpopulation, overproduction, and new markets

Alfred Thayer Maham

The key to world dominance was control of the seas

Spanish American War

1) USS Maine explodes, killing Americans,

2)“Remember the Maine, to Hell with Spain”

3) TR→Rough Riders/San Juan Hill

Philippines

1) creates a debate over American Imperialism

2) Protestants wanted to convert Filipinos,

3) more markets

4) Democrats were anti-imperialist= foreign workers→lower wages, factories overseas

Progressives

1) 1896 Populist Party died out, beliefs still exist

2) take Populist ideas to law

3) believed government could protect public interest

4) Living conditions in cities revolting, working conditions bad

5) Jacob Riis- How the Other Half Lives→exposes crime of NYC slums

Muckrakers

exposed evils of society

Ida Tarbell

fought Rockefeller’s Standard Oil Company

Upton Sinclair

The Jungle, unsanitary conditions in meat packing plants=Meat Inspection and Pure Drug and Food Act

Jane Addams

Hull House→ middle class women help poor in city

Muller v. Oregon

Louis Brandeis got women 10 hour work day, women weaker

Triangle Shirtwaist Fire

unsafe working conditions killed 146 women→work condition regulated

Wisconsin Experiment

1) Governor LaFollette→destroy political machines and Trust

IRR

Initiative→introduce a proposal for law

Referendum→ vote on initiatives

Recall→ vote to remove elected officials

17th Amendment

Direct election of US Senators, took power from Trust

16th Amendment

State Income Tax (Wisconsin 1st state)

Australian/Secret Ballot

breaking political machine

Teddy Roosevelt (TR) after Kinley assassination

1) Foreign Policy→”Speak Softly, But Carry a Big Stick”

2) directly help public interest

3) Square Deal→ Corporation Regulation, Consumer Protection, and Conservation

Regulation of Corporations

1) TR sided with coal strikers

2) TR breaks Trusts (JP Morgan’s Railroad, Northern Securities Company)

3) Trustbuster (good trust→ healthy, bad trusts→ greedy)

Conservation

1) TR liked nature, made National Parks/recreational sites

Panic of 1907

1) Over speculation of Wall Street caused Panic

2) TR and JP Morgan moved money across country bank to bank

3) US needed elastic money supply

Taft

1) Handpicked by TR, was actually Conservative

Taft Split

1) New Nationalism→ government solving social and economic problems, lower Tariff and federal income tax, national IRR

2) Tried to break US steel

Woodrow Wilson

1) historian, university president, governor

2) Win due to Taft and Teddy split

3) bypass Congress to get good laws passed

4) Attack Triple Wall of Privelege (Banks, Trust, Tariff)

New Freedom

1) Wilson federal gov to fix social and economic problems

2) lower tariff and federal income tax

3) break up monopolies

4) African-Americans and Women were a states rights

Federal Reserve Board

1) regional districts with Central Bank

2) created elastic money supply

3) helped banks in trouble

Supreme Court

1) Lockner ruled the 10-hour day was unconstitutional

2) Adkins v. Children’s Hospital ruled minimum wage for women unconstitutional

3) Schenck v United States limit harm causing speech (fire in theater)

Prohibition

1) Women’s Christians Temperants Union (WCTU), made some states dry, large cities wet

2) Men feared women’s voting rights→ no alcohol

3) 18th Amendment (Bolstead Act)→ sell, transport, manufacturing, or consumption of alcohol

4) passed but lead to increasing crime rates

Women’s Suffrage

1) Abigail Adams→ “Remember the Ladies”

2) After 15th Amendment, like Black men the right to vote, women asked “What about Us?”

3) West gave women suffrage

4) NASA fighting in a housewife perspective

5) Alice Paul-picketing the White House, Hunger Strikes in prison

6) Wilson reluctantly supported 18th Amendment

1848 Seneca Falls Convention

1) Stanton and Mott led the convention

2) Declaration of Sentiments→ “All men and women are created equal”

African-Americans

1) Great Migration (south to North)

2) Race riots in Chicago, Springfield, Tulsa

3) 44% of African Americans were illiterate

Booker T Washington

1) Created a trade school in Alabama, taught useful skill for better position in society

2) Segregation with educational and economical (Atlanta Compromise)

3) Plessy v Ferguson case legalizes Jim Crow under “Separate But Equal”

4) Overturned by Brown vs Board

WEB Dubois

1) more radical than BTW

2) opposed to BTW Accommodation Policies

3) BTW kept Black Inferior

4) Niagara Movement

5) Talented Tenth get access to the American Dream

6) Illiteracy rates were cut in half

Wilson and African Americans

1) 2 volume racist history book

2) KKK and Birth of a Nation

3) prevent legislation African Americans passed

Dark Side

Eugenics- selective breeding for better societal conditions (Hitler)

Panama Canal

1) need for a canal to connect Pacific and Atlantic

2) Encouraged to Panama revolt by Gun Boat Diplomacy to protect rebellion

3) TR claimed he took Panama and built a canal

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Monroe Doctrine and Roosevelt Corollary

1) Monroe Doctrine- Europe to leave Latin Americans countries alone

2) Germany sank 2 Venezuelan warships

3) TR said financial problems between Europe and Latin America will be handled by US

4) Roosevelt Corollary - US policemen the Latin America

Russo-Japanese War

1) Russia and Japan lost many money and men

2) Treaty of Portsmouth ended war but not happy

3) Led Japan to potential Pearl Harbor attack, started competition for dominance

Wilson Moral Diplomacy

1) When General Juerta was elected, Wilson thought that he would teach to elect good men

2) When Poncho Villa in the murder of Americans, US sent army and General John Jay Pershing

Election 1916

1) He kept us out of the war