AP Psychology: ProSocial/AntiSocial Behavior

Altruism

Unselfish regard for the welfare of others.

Reciprocity Norm

People should return favors and other acts of kindness.

Bystander Effect

People are less likely to help another in need or in distress if more people are present.

Diffusion of Responsibility

Phenomenon whereby a person witnessing a problem is less likely to take action when others are present, assuming someone else will take care of the problem.

Proximity

Geographic nearness is a powerful predictor of friendship.

Similarity

Having similar views/thoughts between individuals causes the bond of attraction to strengthen.

Physical Attractiveness

Initial stages of a relationship as it ‘draws’ you to someone.

Matching Hypothesis

States that people tend to form other committed relationships with those who are similar in attractiveness or status.

Passionate Love

An aroused state of intense longing for union with another, usually present at the beginning of a love relationship.

Companionate Love

Deep, affectionate intimate attachment, with mutual concern for the welfare of the other.

Mere Exposure Effect

Repeated exposure to novel (new) stimuli increases one’s preference of that object.

Ingroup

People with whom one shares a common identity, referred to as 'us'.

Outgroup

Those perceived as different from one’s ingroup, referred to as 'them'.

Superordinate Goals

Shared goals that require cooperation between groups.

Just World Hypothesis

Means of justifying inequalities by the belief that people 'get what they deserve'.

Scapegoat Theory

The tendency to blame an innocent individual or group for causing a negative experience.