AP Chemistry - Essential Formulae

These are essential formulae to learn for the AP Chemistry exam, since they aren't on the formula sheet and are often used. Props to PrepScholar for providing this info in their article on the AP Chemistry formula sheet: https://blog.prepscholar.com/ap-chem-formula-sheet

Rate Law Info

At a constant temperature, the rate of a chemical reaction depends only on the concentrations of the substances that influence the rate (typically reactants, but can also be products or catalysts)

Rate law is used to estimate the relationship between the rate of a reaction and the concentrations of reactants. You may see it on kinetics questions.

Rate Law Formula

rate=k[A]^a[B]^b

Rate Law Variables

[A] and [B] represent molar concentrations of reactants

k is the rate constant (which varies depending on the reaction and the temperature)

a and b are typically positive integers that must be found experimentally

Coulomb's Law Info

Coulomb's Law states that magnitude of electric force between the charges q1 and q2 is directly proportional to the magnitude of the charges and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them. You may see it on electrochemistry questions.

Coulomb's Law Formula

F=k(q1*q2/r)

Coulomb's Law Variables

F= electric force

k= Coulomb constant

q1 and q2= charges

r= distance between charges

Percent Error

%error = ((actual value - theoretical value)/(theoretical value))*100

Percent Yield

%yield = (actual yield/theoretical yield)*100