Unit 3 - Dynamics

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Physics

Kinematics & Dynamics

11th

Last updated 5:32 PM on 3/5/23
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22 Terms

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Dynamics definition
The study of motion using quantities such as force and mass
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Mass
A measure of the amount of matter within an object
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Weight
the force of gravitational attraction on a body
the force of gravitational attraction on a body
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Linear momentum
product of mass and velocity

p = mv
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Force
Rate of change of momentum
Rate of change of momentum
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Conservation of momentum
When bodies in a system interact, total momentum remains constant provided no external force acts on the system
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Newton’s first law of motion
An object will remain at rest or keep traveling at constant velocity unless it is acted on by a resultant force.
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Newton’s second law of motion
The resultant force acting on an object is equal to the rate of change of its momentum. The resultant force and the change in momentum is in the same direction. For a constant mass, force equals mass times acceleration.
The resultant force acting on an object is equal to the rate of change of its momentum. The resultant force and the change in momentum is in the same direction. For a constant mass, force equals mass times acceleration.
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Newton’s third law of motion
When two bodies interact, the forces they exert on each other are equal and opposite.
When two bodies interact, the forces they exert on each other are equal and opposite.
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Inertia
A measure of the mass of an object.
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Resultant force
the sum of forces
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Contact forces
knowt flashcard image
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Non-contact forces
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Friction
the force that resists motion when the surface of one object comes in contact with the surface of another.
the force that resists motion when the surface of one object comes in contact with the surface of another.
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Drag
A force that resists the movement of a body through a
fluid. This force increases with velocity
A force that resists the movement of a body through a fluid. This force increases with velocity
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Terminal velocity
The maximum velocity of an object traveling through a fluid.
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Viscous forces
Forces that act on a body moving through a fluid that is caused by the resistance of the fluid
Forces that act on a body moving through a fluid that is caused by the resistance of the fluid
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Archimedes principle
a body totally or partially immersed in a fluid is subject to an upward force equal in magnitude to the weight of fluid it displaces
a body totally or partially immersed in a fluid is subject to an upward force equal in magnitude to the weight of fluid it displaces
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Impulse
is the product of force acting on an object and time during which the force acts. (change in momentum)
is the product of force acting on an object and time during which the force acts. (change in momentum)
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Elastic Collisions
Total momentum and kinetic energy is conserved
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Inelastic Collisions
Total energy (momentum) is conserved but kinetic energy may be converted into other forms of energy like heat
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Perfectly inelastic collision
Only momentum is conserved, and the particles stick together after collision