the state of being awake and aware of one's surroundings
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heredity
the passing on of physical or mental characteristics genetically from one generation to another
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heritability
the proportion of variation among individuals in a group that we can attribute to genes
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molecular behavior genetics
the study of how the structure and functions of genes interact with our environment to influence behavior
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epigenetics
the study of how the structure and functions of genes interact with our environment to influence behavior
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circadian rhythm
our biological clock; is a regular bodily rhythm that occurs on a 24-hour cycle
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alpha waves
the relatively slow brain waves of a relaxed, awake state
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delta waves
the slow, large brain waves associated with the deep sleep stage, NREM-3
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suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN)
a pair of cell clusters in the hypothalamus controls the circadian rhythm.
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dissociation
the disconnection or separation of something from something else or the state of being disconnected
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psychoactive drug
a chemical substance that alters perception and moods
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hypnosis
the induction of a state of consciousness in which a person apparently loses the power of voluntary action and is highly responsive to suggestion or direction
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posthypnotic suggestions
a suggestion, made during a hypnosis session, to be carried out after the subject is no longer hypnotized
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NREM-1
Dosing off, half in half out, may resemble hallucinating, but brain waves similar to being awake
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NREM-2
Brain waves start to “spindle”, meaning there are short bursts
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NREM-3
The deepest sleep brain waves are large (delta waves) and they are very hard to wake
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rapid eye movement (REM)
about every 60-90 minutes of sleep, our body enters a state of REM
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insomnia
an inability to sleep; chronic sleeplessness
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insomnia potential causes
stress, anxiety, conflicted thoughts, depression, sleeping pills and alcohol
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narcolepsy
sudden and uncontrollable episodes of deep sleep
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hypocretin
a neurotransmitter that exerts important influences over sleep
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sleep apnea
temporary stop of breathing that occurs during sleep
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night terrors
a person does not wake yet screams/yells in terror
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lucid dreaming
the dreamer becomes aware that they are dreaming while dreaming
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REM Rebound
the compensatory increase of the frequency, depth, and intensity of REM sleep following sleep deprivation
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manifest content
the storyline of dreams is impacted by the previous day’s experiences
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latent content
hidden meaning of a fantasy or dream
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activation-synthesis theory
Neurons fire randomly while we sleep and our brain attempts to make sense of the randomness
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meditation
A deep state of relaxation
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hypnosis
a state that resembles sleep but that is induced by suggestion
Studied by 9 people
