Year 8 Physics

Radioactive atoms

________ have an unstable nucleus which causes it to split.

Solids

________ are good at conducting heat while liquids and gases are worse.

x rays

Light, ________, lasers, commonly used in power lines.

constant speed

Balanced force- in ________ or not moving.

Temperature

________- the amount of heat energy available for work in a system.

Gravity

________ is increased by mass or distance.

tension

Friction, buoyancy, ________, applied forces.

thermal equilibrium

Heat will always flow from hot to cold until ________.

Air resitance

________- a special type of frictional force that acts upon objects as they travel through the air.

energy transfer

Represents ________ within closed systems- closed systems being systems that can not lose any energy.

Heat thermal

________- the interhal motino of the atoms is called heat energy.

Energy

________ is measured in the same unit as work: joules.

Chemical

________ is energy to required to bond atoms together, but when the bonds are broken, energy is released.

gravitational force

Weight- a force and changes depending on gravity- mass multiplied by ________.

Electromagnetic energy

________- waves of energy.

frictional force

the force exerted by a surface as an object moves across it or makes an effort to do so

air resitance

a special type of frictional force that acts upon objects as they travel through the air

tension force

force that is transmitted through a string, rope, cable or wire when it is pulled tight by forces acting on opposite ends

spring force

the force exerted by a compressed or stretched string upon any object attached to it

balanced force

in constant speed or not moving

unbalanced

speeding up or slowing down

mass

amount of matter, stable

types of friction

static (between 2 non moving items), sliding (object moving over another, rolling (e.g

newtons first law

remains in motion unless acted upon by an unbalanced force

many different types of energy

heat, sound, mechanical, nuclear, chemical etc

energy is measured in the same unit as work

joules

2 main types of energy

kinetic and potential

kinetic

moving

potential

a store of energy ; can happen but hasnt happened yet

heat / thermal

the interhal motino of the atoms is called heat energy

chemical energy

energy that is available for release from chemical reactions

example

fuel or food

electromagnetic energy

waves of energy

mechanical energy

anything that moves

energy transfer

energy is transferred from one object to another

energy transformation

energy is transformed from one energy type to another

temperature

the amount of heat energy available for work in a system

thermal equilibrium

the same temperature

heat transfer is a transfer of kinetic energy

heat is energy in transit, and measured in joules

heat is transferred via three processes

conduction, convection and radiation

conduction

particles that are very close together can transfer heat energy as they vibrate

sankey diagrams

relatively simple

represents energy transfer within closed systems

closed systems being systems that cannot lose any energy