part 6

Who was the key leader in the transition of the Ottoman Empire to Turkey?

Mustafa Kemal Atatürk.

What was Atatürk's goal for the Turkish government?

To transform it into a secular (non-religious) state.

What major reform did Atatürk implement regarding women?

Made women politically equal to men.

What change did Atatürk make to the Turkish alphabet?

Replaced the Arabic alphabet with a new Turkish alphabet using Latin letters.

What was the outcome of Atatürk's reforms?

Successful modernization of the Turkish state in the early 20th Century.

When did the Iranian Revolution occur?

1979.

What initial modernization happened in Iran under the Shah?

Iran was modernized and Westernized.

Why did many Iranians resist the Shah's rule?

They viewed him as corrupt and a puppet of the United States.

Who established the theocracy in Iran after the revolution?

Ayatollah Khomeini.

What are the key groups involved in the Arab-Israeli Conflict?

Arabs/Palestinians and Israelis/Jews.

What historical event occurred in 1948 relevant to the Arab-Israeli conflict?

Establishment of Israel.

What was the result of the Initial War in 1948?

Israel gained more land.

What significant war occurred in 1967 in relation to Israel?

Six-Day War, during which Israel significantly increased its territory.

What peace efforts were made in the late 1970s regarding the conflict?

Camp David Accords.

What organization represents Palestinian resistance?

Palestinian Liberation Organization (PLO).

What significant event highlighted human rights issues in 1994?

Rwandan Genocide.

What was the context of the Rwandan Genocide?

Ethnic conflict between Tutsis and Hutus.

How many deaths resulted from the Rwandan Genocide?

Approximately one million deaths.

What is a major criticism of the UN regarding the Rwandan Genocide?

Inadequate intervention.

What document was adopted by the UN in 1948 to address human rights?

UN Declaration of Human Rights.

What ongoing situation was noted as of 2023 in regard to the Arab-Israeli conflict?

Ongoing conflict with complex territorial disputes.