Settling the English colinies(1607-1754)

Pluralism

Power sharing among a number of political parties. Multiple sources of authority coexist.

‘City upon a hill’-John Winthrop

Symbolizes American exceptionalism. America serves as a “beacon of hope” for other nations.

Mayflower compact

Created in 1620 by the pilgrims, establishing a form of self-governance for the new colony of Plymouth.

House of Burgesses

First elected legislative assembly in the New World

Blue laws of Connecticut

Strict puritan religious governance in Connecticut

Great Awakening

Religious revival in the British colonies between 1720 and 1740

King Phillips War

Pitted Native Americans against English settlers and their Indian allies. One of the bloodiest conflicts in U.S. history.

Bacons rebellion-1676 in Virginia

Led by Nathaniel bacon emphasizing issue like land disputes, Native American relations, and class decision within colonial society.

Joint Stock company

Business owned by its investors

Cash crops

Crops grown to sell for profit

Head right system

Led more people into the colonies to make money from their land

Virginia company

English trading company

Indentured servants

Person who is bound to work for a certain period of time for a person without getting paid.

Mercantilism

Belief in the benefits of profitable trading. Trade generates wealth.

Mercantilism(trade)

What did the English colonies care about?

Agriculture

What did the southern colonies care about?

Breadbasket/diversity

What did the middle colonies care about?

Jamestown and Massachusetts bay

Colonial town settlements

John Ralph

Who first harvested tobacco?

Whitfield and Edward’s

Who are the people referred to the First great awakening?

Quakers, Puritans, Catholics, and Anglicans

Who were the main religious groups?

Jamestown

What led to more settlements?

Dutch, Catholics, Quakers

What were the main religious groups in the middle colonies?

WASPS- White Anglo Saxon Protestant

What were the NW Europeans referred as?

95%

By 1650, what percent of the native population was gone?

South

Good climate for cash crops

New England colonies

Good climate for shipping, trading, and ports

Agriculture, Soil, Climate

What did the South focus on?

Metacom

Tribal leader of the Pokanoket tribe and the Wampanoag nation

Salutary neglect

British gov policy where England didn’t control the British colonies as long as they remained loyal to the British government

American Enlightenment

Powerful intellectual and cultural movement that emerged in the 17th and 18th centuries. Shaped the foundations of the US

John Locke

Name referred to enlightenment. Contributed to liberalism and social contract theory. Religious tolerations and separation of powers within government.

Social contract theory

Philosophy that questions the origins of society and the legitimacy of governmental control over individual people.

Maryland toleration act

First law in North America requiring religious tolerance for Christian’s

Anne Hutchinson, Roger Williams(RI)

New England Puritan Dissenters

Salem Witch trials

Woman killed and accused of being witches(when acting drunk)

Halfway Covenant

Religious political solution. Children allowed to become baptized and thus become church members and have political rights.