Heat transfer by radiation / convection

What is infared radiation

Heat waves or rays

What will infared radiation do

Will travel out from a hot source in all directions

Where does convention take place

In liquids as particles are too close

What happens when substances are heated

The particles vibrate more and spread out more

What happens to the particles after heated

Particles are not so tightly packed anymore so the substance is less dense and becomes lighter

What will happen to the heated substance

The lighter substance/gas will rise and the cooler liquid/ gas will take its place

How does heat energy from the sun travel to the earth

Radiation

Why can’t heat energy from the sun to the earth be travelling by conduction or convection

Since the space between the Earth and the sun is a vacuum, meaning no particles present