AP Euro Topic 4.5 18th c Culture and Arts Terms/Names (Amsco) (copy)

18th Century Culture and Art

Capitalism

an economic and political system in which a country's trade and industry are controlled by private owners for profit, rather than by the state.

Consumer Revolution

refers to the period from approximately 1600 to 1750 in England in which there was a marked increase in the consumption and variety of luxury goods and products by individuals from different economic and social backgrounds.

boudoir

a lady's bedroom or private sitting room

domesticity

home or family life

Samuel Richardson

A major 18th century writer best known for the novel: "Pamela: Or, Virtue Rewarded,"

Jane Austen

Author of novels depicting life of gentry and aristocrats such as the novel Pride and Prejudice

Johann Sebastian Bach

Baroque composer best known for the Brandenburg Concertos

George Frideric Handel

Baroque Composer best known for work "The Messiah"

Diego Velazquez

a Spanish painter who was the leading artist in the court of King Philip IV and one of the most important painters of the Spanish Golden Age

Rococo

relating to a highly ornate style of art and architecture in 18th-century France

Neoclassicism

A style of art and architecture that emerged in the later 18th century. Part of a general revival of interest in classical cultures. The art of the Enlightenment.

Jacques-Louis David

French painter known for his classicism and his commitment to the ideals of the French Revolution. His works include The Oath of the Horatii (17850 and The Death of Marat (1793).

Baroque movement

Inspired by religious fervor of the Protestant and Catholic reformations dominated European art. Royal courts and religious leaders, hoping to awe viewers and listeners with the power of art, provided patronage to support painters, architects, and musicians.

Bernini

Sculpter and accomplished architect. Commissioned by Pope Urban VIII to renovate Saint Peter’s Basilica.

Rembrandt van Rijn

Prolific Dutch painter. Painted mainly portraits and biblical scenes, including such figures as Jesus and David, early in his career, but many of his most respected works focus on common people.

Johannes Vermeer

painted mostly domestic interiors, often, as in The Milkmaid, showing women engaged in simple chores. Girl with the Pearl Earring is another of his famous painting

Daniel Defoe

wrote Robinson Crusoe; known as the father of the English novel

Johann Wolfgang von Goethe

German author who wrote The Sorrows of Young Werther which helped fuel the Sturm und Drang movement, and his two-part Faust (1808, 1832) is seen as one of the landmarks of Western literature