Kingdom Fungi

Sexual spores

Sexual spores

________ are called ascospores which are produced endogenously in sac like asci.

Yeast

________ are used to make bread and beer.

Members of phycomycetes

________ are found in aquatic habitats and on decaying wood in moist and damp places or as obligate parasites on plants.

asexual spores

The ________ are conidia produced exogenously on the special mycelium called conidiophores.

Meiosis

________ in zygote resulting in haploid spores.

Penicillin

________ is a source of antibiotic.

Puccinia

________ causes rusting in wheat.

sex organs

The ________ are absent, but plasmogamy is brought about by fusion of two vegetative or somatic cells of different strains or genotypes.

Karyogamy

________ and meiosis take place in the basidium producing four basidiospores.

mycelium

The ________ is aseptate and coenocytic.

Asexual reproduction

________ takes place by zoospores (motile) or by aplanospores (non- motile)

Vegetative

________ means- fragmentation, fission and budding.

Fungi

________ are cosmopolitan and occur in air, water, soil and on animals and plants.

tree stumps

They grow in soil, on logs and ________ and in living plant bodies as parasites.

saprophytic

They are ________, decomposers, parasitic or coprophilous.

basidiospores

The ________ are exogenously produced on the basidium.

organic matter

Most fungi are heterotrophic and absorb soluble ________ from dead substrates.

mycelium

The ________ is septate and branched.

Asexual reproduction

________ is by spores called conidia or sporangiospores or zoospores.

asexual spores

The deuteromycetes reproduce only by ________ known as conidia.

Mycelium

________ is branched and septate.

mycelium

The ________ is branched and septate.

Fungi are filamentous (Except

Yeast)

They can also live as symbionts

in association with algae as lichens and with roots of higher plants as mycorrhiza

Vegetative means

fragmentation, fission and budding

Exception

In Ascomycetes and Basidiomycetes, an intervening dikaryotic stage (two nuclei per cell) occurs which is called a dikaryon and the phase is called dikaryophase of fungus

Example

Mucor, Rhizopus (the bread mould) and Albugo (the parasitic fungi on mustard)

(Exception

yeast or Saccharomyces)

Example

Aspergillus, Claviceps and Neurospora

Note

Many members like morels and truffles are edible and are considered delicacies

Examples

Agaricus (mushroom), Ustilago (smut) and Puccinia (rust fungus)

Examples

Alternaria, Colletotrichum and Trichoderma