Cell Cycle and Binary Fission Review

These flashcards cover key concepts related to the cell cycle, binary fission, mitosis, and apoptosis, providing a comprehensive review of the lecture material.

What is binary fission?

Binary fission is a method of asexual reproduction in prokaryotic cells where one cell divides into two identical daughter cells.

Why do cells need to be replaced?

Cells need to be replaced because they do not live forever; they can get damaged, wear out, and need to be replaced for organisms to survive.

What is mitosis?

Mitosis is a more complex process used by multicellular organisms to replicate cells, involving the duplication of organelles and DNA.

What is apoptosis?

Apoptosis is a regulated process of programmed cell death that maintains health by eliminating damaged or unneeded cells.

What are the advantages of binary fission?

The advantages of binary fission include rapid reproduction (doubling every 20 minutes) and offspring that are genetically identical to the parent, inheriting favorable traits.

What are the disadvantages of binary fission?

The disadvantages of binary fission are that offspring are genetically identical to the parent and may inherit unfavorable traits, leading to less adaptability.

What are the stages of the eukaryotic cell cycle?

The stages of the eukaryotic cell cycle include G1 phase, S phase (DNA synthesis), G2 phase, and mitosis.

What happens during the G1 phase of interphase?

During the G1 phase, the cell grows, synthesizes proteins, and prepares for DNA replication, while also checking for cell size and damage.

What occurs during the S phase?

During the S phase, the cell replicates its DNA, resulting in two identical copies of genetic material.

What is the role of the G2 checkpoint?

The G2 checkpoint ensures that DNA has been accurately replicated and checks for any damage before the cell enters mitosis.