History Vocab 1 and 2

Land Bridge Theory

The ocean froze a little during an Ice Age, and people walked from Asia to the Americas on a land bridge.

Coastal Route Theory

Humans traveled by boat along the Pacific Coast to get to the Americas from Asia.

Why did people migrate?

People were nomadic and followed food sources.

Nomadic

Moving from place to place.

Why did some people stop being nomadic?

They wanted to plant and grow food.

Strait

A narrow passage of water between two large bodies of water.

What are some facts that surprised you?

What terms will we use this year?

“Natives”, “Native People”, “Native Americans”, or their tribal names.

Culture

A people’s shared values, beliefs, traditions, and behaviors.

Dwellings, Attire, and Diets

The geography and climate impacted Native tribes’ housing, clothing, and food choices.

Passage along the Pacific Coast to get to Americas from Asia

Northwest Passage

Cassie, Blair, Sally

Corn Beans and Squash, the 3 sisters farming.

Three Sisters Farming

Corn, beans, and squash are planted together to create a well-balanced diet and a prosperous crop yield.

How does climate impact culture? Give some examples.

corn, beans, and squash

Three Sisters Farming

Olmec Civilization timeline

1200 to 800 BCE

Mayan Civilization peak timeline

250 to 900 CE

Theocracy

A form of government in which a society is ruled by religious leaders.

Tenochtitlan

The Aztec capital city built on the site of modern-day Mexico City.

Andes Mountains

The major South American mountain range around which the Inca Civilization developed.

Primary cause of Aztec and Inca demise

The arrival of Europeans.

Mound Builders

Collective term for the Adena, Hopewell, and Mississippian civilizations.

Adena

A hunter-gatherer civilization that lived in the Ohio River Valley.

Monks Mound

A massive pyramid earthwork located in the Mississippian city of Cahokia.

Ancient Puebloans location

Four Corners region: modern-day Utah, Colorado, Arizona, and New Mexico.

Far North Native groups location

Modern-day Alaska (including the Aleut, Yupik, Inupiat, and Inuit).

Ute and Shoshone farming constraints

They did not plant crops because the soil was too hard and unfit to farm.

Great Plains temporary housing

Used portable dwellings because the inhabitants were nomadic and followed food sources.

An alliance of Native American tribes in the Northeast formed to maintain peace and mutual support.

Iroquois League

Migration

Movement of people to a new area

The climate was warm and the soil was fertile.

Why did the southeastern woodlands Native People mainly farm?

Famous European traveler whose stories of traveling through Europe and Asia were written into a book, inspiring European excitement and interest in Asian goods and culture.

Marco Polo

Bartolomeu Dias

Portuguese explorer who reached the southern tip of Africa in 1487.

Portuguese explorer who sailed around the southern tip of Africa and reached India in 1497.

Vasco da Gama

Explorer who completed four voyages across the Atlantic for Spain, believing he had reached India.

Christopher Columbus

Italian explorer sailing for Spain who realized the Americas were a separate landmass from Asia; the continents were named after him.

Amerigo Vespucci

Spanish explorer who crossed Panama in 1510 and became the first European to see the Pacific Ocean from the Americas.

Vasco Núñez de Balboa

Portuguese explorer sailing for Spain whose expedition led the first trip to circumnavigate the globe from 1519 to 1522.

Ferdinand Magellan

Leif Erickson

Viking who came in 1001, sailed with 35 other colonies from Greenland to Newfoundland.

1497 Italian re-Founded Newfoundland (after the Vikings did it a few hundred years prior…)

John Cabot

1524 Italian Explored Nova Scotia all the way down to the Carolinas

Giovanni de Verranzo

1535, French, Found the site for Montreal

Jaques Cartier

English, 1609 ,Founded the Hudson River and Hudson Bay, Was sent adrift after a mutiny and was never seen again

Henry Hudson