Echinoderms & Chordates Bio II Vocab

Agnathan

any member of the group of primitive jawless fishes that includes the lampreys, hagfishes and several extinct groups.

Amniote Egg

Terrestrially adapted egg, characterized by a shell and extra embryonic membranes.

Amphibian

Member of the tetrapod. Include frogs, toads and salamanders.

Bird

evolved from a lineage of small, two-legged dinosaurs called theropods

Bony Fish

Diverse superclass of vertebrate animals that have endoskeleton primarily composed of bone tissue

Cartilaginous Fish

jawed fish with paired fins, paired nostrils, scales, two-chambered hearts and skeleton made of cartilage rather than bone.

Chordate

Animals that at some point during their development have a dorsal hollow, nerve cord, pharyngeal slits, and a post-anal tail

Cloaca

Common chamber and outlet which the intestinal, urinary and genital tracts open

Deuterostome

an animal with a coelom that forms from hollow outgrowths of the digestive tube of the early embryo. Includes the echinoderms and Chordates

(anal to mouth)

Echinoderm

Member of a plyum of slow-moving or sessile marine animals characterized by a rough or spiny skin, a water vascular system, an endoskeleton and radical symmetry in adults. Including sea stars, urchins and sand dollars.

Ecto thermic

referring to organisms that do NOT produce enough metabolic heat to have much effect on body temperature

Feather

epidermal growths that form distinctive outer coverings, or plumahe, on both avian (bird) and some non-avian dinosaurs and other archosaurs

Fin

an organ of a fish, consisting of membrane supported by rays and serving to balance and propel it in the water

Fish

An amniotic, gill-bearing vertebrate animal with swimming fins and hard skull, but lacking limbs with digits

Gill

An extension of the body surface of an aquatic animal, specialized for gas exchange and/or suspension feeding

Gnathostomate

(jaw-mouths) vertebrates that possess jaws

Homeothermic

Is able to keep its body temp at temperature at the same level despite any change in the temp around it.

Jaw

either of a pair of bones that form the framework of the mouth of vertebrate animals, usually containing teeth and including a movable lower jaw and fixed upper jaw

Jaw-less Fish

lacks a jaw

Lobe-finned Fish

a bony fish with strong, muscular fins supported by bones

Lung

an infolded respiratory surface of terrestrial vertebrates that connects to the atmosphere by narrow tubes

Mammal

Member of class Mammalia, aminotes that possess more essential nutrients

Marsupial

pouched mammal

Monotreme

egg- laying mammal, ex: duck-billed platypus

Nerve Cord

elongated bundle of axons and dendrites, usually extending longitudinally from the brain or anterior ganglia.

Notochord

flexible, cartilage-like, longitudinal rod located between the digestive tract and nerve cord in chordate animals.

Placenta

The organ that provides nutrients and oxygen to the embryo and helps dispose of its metabolic wastes

Placenta Mammal

Mammal whose young complete their embryonic development in the uterus, nourished via the mother’s blood vessels in the placenta.

Ray-finned fish

Largest clade of bony fish

reptile

member of the clade of amniotes that includes, snakes, lizards, turtles, etc.

Scale

small plate or shield forming part of the outer skin layers of certain animals

Swim Bladder

located in the body cavity and is derived from an outpocketing of digestive tube

Tube Feet

one of the tiny tubes of most echinoderms that are part of the water-vascular system and are used especially in movement and grasping

Vertebrate

chordate animals with a backbone.

Water Vascular System

In echinoderms, a radially arranged system of water-filled canals that branch into extensions called tube feet. The system provides movement and circulates water, facilitating gas-exchange and waste disposal.