Chapter 17: The West

Homestead Act

In 1862, northerners in Congress passed the ________, which allowed male citizens (or those who declared their intent to become citizens) to claim federally owned lands in the West

Rodeos

________ began as small roping and riding contests among cowboys in towns near ranches or at camps at the end of the cattle trails, but casual contests evolved into planned celebrations.

Dawes General Allotment Act

Passed by Congress on February 8, 1887, the ________ splintered Native American reservations into individual family homesteads

enormous labor

Railroads attracted unparalleled subsidies and investments, but they also created ________ demands.

Colonel Kit Carson

In April 1863, Carleton gave orders to ________ to round up the entire Navajo population and escort them to Bosque Redondo, beginning a period of Navajo history called the Long Walk.

Indian Wars

The "________, " were a series of seemingly sporadic, localized, and often brief engagements between U.S. military forces and various Native American groups

Rocky Mountains

Plains peoples were not the only ones who suffered as a result of American expansion, with groups like the Utes and Paiutes were pushed out of the ________ by U.S. expansion into Colorado and away from the northern Great Basin by the expanding Mormon population in Utah Territory.

Nevada

In ________, on January 1, 1889, Northern Paiute prophet Wovoka experienced a great revelation, telling his people that they must participate in a religious ceremony that came to be known as the Ghost Dance.

Worlds Columbian Exposition

At the ________ in 1893, the young Wisconsin historian Frederick Jackson Turner presented his "frontier thesis, "one of the most influential theories of American history, in his essay "The Significance of the Frontier in American History ..

American West

The ________ "conjures visions of tipis, cabins, cowboys, Indians, farm wives in sunbonnets, and outlaws with six- shooters → the ________ became mythologized.

Wild West

The western "cowboys and Indians "mystique, perpetuated in novels, rodeos, and ________ shows, was rooted in romantic nostalgia and, perhaps, in the anxieties that many felt in the late nineteenth centurys new seemingly "soft "industrial world of factory and office work.

Aside from agriculture and the extraction of natural resources, two major industries fueled the new western economy

ranching and railroads

Turner worried for the United States future

what would become of the nation without the safety valve of the frontier

Long Walk

The __________________ was a period in 1863 where the entire Navajo population was rounded up and "escorted" to Bosque Redondo in a series of forced marches

Treaty of Bosque Redondo

The _________________ allowed the Navajo to return from the reservation to their homeland due to the terrible conditions there

Transcontinental railroad

The _____________________ was a monumental enterprise which connected the entire country (it linked the West Coast with the rail networks of the eastern United States)

Ghost Dance

The ________________ was a religious dance of Native Americans looking for communication with the dead and retribution for their suffering

Wounded Knee Massacre

The _______________________ was a massacre of nearly 300 Lakota people by army soldiers as a response to their Ghost Dance, marking the end of sustained, armed Native American resistance on the Plains

Frontier thesis

Frederick Jackson Turner's ________________ depicted the US's relationship with civilization and savagery and predicted how the US would respond when there was no more "frontier" to conquer

Ranching and railroads

What major industries fueled the new western economy?

It was rooted in romantic nostalgia and anxieties about the new industrial world of the 19th century

Why was there a fascination with the "wild west"?

Frontier line

The "_________________" was a metaphorical line between savagery and civilization

Migrants were drawn to the West by the promise of land

What was the draw of the West?