Energy Key Terms

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17 Terms

1

Kinetic energy definition

The energy an object has because it is moving

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2

Gravitational potential energy definition

The energy an object has because of its position

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3

Elastic potential energy definition

The energy stored in a springy object when you squash or stretch it

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4

Thermal energy definition

The energy a substance has because of temperature

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5

Chemical energy definition

The energy stored in fuels, foods and batteries

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6

Conservation of energy definition

Energy cannot be created or destroyed, only transferred

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7

Work done definition

The energy transferred by a force

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8

Dissipation definition

The process of energy being transferred or lost to the surroundings

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9

Friction definition

A force that opposes movement

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10

System definition

An object or group of objects

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11

Closed system definition

An isolated system where no energy transfers take place into or out of the energy stores in the system

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12

Useful energy definition

Energy in the place it is wanted in the form that it is needed in

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13

Wasted energy definition

Energy that is not usefully transferred, usually as thermal

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14

Energy transfer pathways

  • Heating

  • Waves

  • Electric current

  • Force when it moves an object

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15

A falling object:

  • Decreases GPE store

  • Increases KE store as falls

  • Waste energy transferred as thermal and sound

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16

Carbon neutral definition

A process by which no extra carbon is released to the atmosphere

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17

Machines waste energy…

Due to friction between moving parts, air resistance, electrical resistance and noise

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