PNB LAB PRACTICAL 1

Temporalis

Closes jaw (elevates mandible

Masseter

closes jaw (elevates and retracts mandible)

Digastricus

opens mouth (lowers mandible); elevates hyoid

Sternocleidomastoid

unilateral: tilts head to same side

Medial pterygoid

Closes jaw

Lateral Pterygoid

Opens jaw

Trapezius

elevates, depresses, and retracts scapula

Latissimus Dorsi

ADducts and extends the shoulder (humerus); rotates the shoulder (humerus), draws the shoulder down and backward

Pectoralis Major

flexion, Adduction and medial rotation of the shoulder (humerus)

Deltoid

ABducts shoulder (humerus); (posterior deltoid-extension of shoulder; anterior deltoid flexes shoulder

Supraspinatus

Abduction of the shoulder (humerus); stabilizes the shoulder joint

Infraspinatus

lateral rotation of shoulder (humerus); horizontal ADduction of humerus [shoulder]

Teres Minor

laterally rotates humerus

Subscapularis

medially rotates of humerus and stabilizes the shoulder joint.

Biceps brachii

flexes elbow; supinates forearm

Brachialis

flexes elbow

Triceps brachii

extends elbow and shoulder (glenohumeral joint)

Flexor carpi radialis

flexes and abducts wrist

Flexor carpi ulnaris

flexes and adducts wrist

Extensor carpi radialis longus/brevis

extends and abducts wrist

Extensor carpi ulnaris

extends and adducts wrist

Brachioradialis

flexes elbow

Rectus abdominis

flexes lumbar spine

External oblique

unilateral: lateral flexion and rotation to opposite side; bilateral: flexes spine

Internal oblique

unilateral: lateral flexion and rotation to same side; bilateral: flexes spine

Transversus abdominis

compresses abdomen; stabilizes trunk

Gluteus maximus

Adducts, extension and lateral rotation of hip (femur)

Gluteus medius

abducts and medially rotates hip; stabilizes pelvis

Gluteus minimus

abducts and medially rotates hip

Psoas major

flexes hip (femur)

Sartorius

flexes, ABducts and laterally rotates hip; flexes knee

Adductor longus/magnus

adducts hip

Gracilis

adducts hip; flexes knee

Rectus femoris

flexes hip; extends knee

Vastus medialis/lateralis/intermedius

extends knee

Semimembranosus

extends hip; flexes knee

Semitendinosus

extends hip; flexes knee

Biceps femoris (long head)

extends and laterally rotates hip; flexes knee

Biceps femoris (short head)

flexes knee

Tibialis anterior

dorsiflexes and inverts foot

Gastrocnemius

plantarflexes ankle; flexes knee

Soleus

plantarflexes ankle; stabilizes standing posture