Nursing Aptitude Test Reviewer

The process by which the body regulates its temperature is referred to as:

- keyword: temperature regulation

Thermoregulation

A state of balance among all the body systems needed for the body to survive and function correctly.

- keyword: balance in body system

homeostasis

In ______, particles move from an area of higher concentration to one of lower concentration until equilibrium is reached.

- keyword: higher to lower concentration (kung saan konti, doon pupunta)

diffussion

In _______, a semipermeable membrane is present, so only the solvent molecules are free to move to equalize concentration.

- keyword: lower to higher concentration (kung saan madami doon pupunta)

osmosis

The functional unit of lungs is the:

alveoli

Afebrile means

- keyword: pag may A means no

no fever

functional unit of the kidney

nephron

The heart has how many chambers?

4 chambers

Deoxygenated blood flows from

vena cava (right)

How many lobes does the brain have?

4 lobes

lobe of the brain responsible for vision

occipital

lobe of the brain responsible for hearing

- also memory (isipin mo pag nagiisip ka tinuturo mo kokote mo)

temporal

lobe of the brain responsible for sensation

parietal

lobe of the brain responsible for higher cognitive skills

frontal

Human skeleton is made of:

206 bones

largest bone in the human body

femur

smallest bone in the human body

Stapes or stirrup

What should the nurse do immediately before performing any procedure?

- Remember: MALINIS ka dapat para di macontaminate ang pasyente

wash hands

Which patient would be at the greatest risk of electrolyte imbalance?

- keyword: nilalabas nya yung electrolytes nya kaya dehydration ang possible problem

patient who has vomiting and diarrhea

Patient needs 15 ml of cough syrup, what household measurement can be use?

- 5 ml = 1 tsp

1 tablespoom

The patient diagnosed with an exacerbation of COPD is in respiratory distress. Which intervention should the nurse implement first?

a. Assist the patient into a sitting position at 90 degrees.

b. Administer oxygen at 6 LMP via nasal canula.

c. Monitor vital signs with the patient sitting upright

d. Notify the health care provider about the patient's status

- remember: UNA muna

a

The master control center of the endocrine system is the -

Pituitary gland

The Islets of Langerhans are found in which of the following organ:

pancreas

In this type of diabetes, the cells in the Islets of Langerhans are defective.

a. Type I b. Type II c. Type III d. All types

- remember: ang 2 insulin resistant, usually due to obesity, so diet modification and exercise makakatulong

Type I

Insulin is secreted by

beta cells of pancreas

Goitre is used to describe the enlargement of the ___?

thyroid

Goitre occurs because of deficiency of which substance in diet?

iodine

A client had oral surgery following a motor vehicle accident. The nurse assessing the client finds the skin flushed and warm. Which of the following would be the best method to take the client's body temperature?

a. Oral b. Axillary c. Arterial line d. Rectal

b

The role of insulin

a. Bind directly to glucose

b. Prevent cells from taking in glucose

c. Allow cells to take in glucose

d. Monitor the levels of glucose to regulate glucose utilization

c

smallest organ in the human body

pineal gland

largest organ in the body

skin

convert body temperature of 37 Celcius to Fahrenheit

- remember:

x 9

÷ 5

+ 32

98.6 f

convert body temperature of 87 Fahrenheit to Celcius

- remember

- 32

X 5

÷ 9

30.5 / 31

Exchange of gases takes place in which of the following organ?

lungs

The chamber of the heart that receives oxygenated blood from the lungs is the:

Left atrium

Known as the Lady with the Lamp

- Crimean War

- Environmental Theory

Florence Nightingale

Florence Nightingale was born on ______________, in Florence, Italy.

May 12, 1820

A muscular enlarge pouch or sac that lies slightly to the left which is used for temporary storage of food...

stomach

The ability of the body to defend itself against scientific invading agent such as bacteria, toxin, viruses and foreign body

immunity

This is characterized by severe symptoms relatively of short duration.

acute illness

______________ are defined broadly as conditions that last 1 year or more and require ongoing medical attention or limit activities of daily living or both.

Chronic diseases

Care designed not to treat an illness but to provide physical and emotional comfort to the patient and support and guidance to his or her family.

palliative care

Care provided for the dying in institutions devoted to those who are terminally ill

hospice care

_______ is a state of complete physical, mental and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity.

Health

Which of the following is the nurse's role in the health promotion?

health teaching

. It is a transparent membrane that focuses the light that enters the eyes to the retina.

cornea

It is described as a collection of people who share some attributes of their lives.

community

________ is the basic unit of society. It forms community. Many communities form a nation.

Family

1000 mL = ? L

cc = ml

1 L

Which of the following is the abbreviation of drops?

gtts

Which of the following is the meaning of PRN?

- pro re nata

when necessary

Drug that relieves pain

= given every four hours

analgesic

The nurse must verify the client's identity before administration of medication. Which of the following is the safest way to identify the client?

a. Ask the client for his name

b. Check the client's identification band

c. State the client's name aloud and have the client repeat it

d. Check the room number

b

The nurse prepares to administer buccal medication. The medicine should be placed...

a. On the client's skin

b. Between the client's cheeks and gums

c. Under the client's tongue

d. On the client's conjunctiva

b

The nurse is ordered to administer ampicillin capsule TID p.o. The nurse should give the medication

OD - once daily

BID- twice daily

TID -

QID - four times daily

Three times a day orally

Which of the following technique involves the sense of sight?

a. Inspection

b. Palpation

c. Percussion

d. Auscultation

inspection

Feeling the body with fingers or hands

palpation

Listening to sounds

auscultation

Producing sounds, usually by tapping on specific areas of the body

Percussion

Transcultural nursing is nursing with a primary focus on care that is culturally sensitive and inclusive, developed by

Madeleine Leininger

building blocks of proteins

amino acids

Building blocks of carbohydrates

Monosaccharides

building blocks of lipids

fatty acids

Tuberculosis (TB) is caused by a bacterium called Mycobacterium tuberculosis. The bacteria usually attack the lungs, but TB bacteria can attack any part of the body such as the kidney, spine, and brain.

RIPE THERAPY

isoniazid, rifampin, pyrazinamide, and either ethambutol or (streptomycin)

Rifa, Iso, Pyra, Etham

It refers to the manner of walking:

gait

Excessive outward (posterior) curvature of the spine, causing hunching of the back.

kyphosis

abnormal anterior curvature of the lumbar spine (sway-back condition)

lordosis

Abnormal lateral curvature of the spine

Scoliosis

Stroke FAST

Face drooping

Arm weakness

Speech difficulty

Time to call 911

Normal blood pressure range

120/80

Normal heart rate

60-100 bpm

Normal respiratory rate

12-20 breaths per minute

Normal body temperature

98.6 F (37 C)

fast heart rate

tachycardia

slow heart rate

bradycardia

fast respiratory rate

tachypnea

Slow respiratory rate

bradypnea

Difficulty breathing

dyspnea

Needle angle for IM

90 degrees

Needle angle for subcutaneous injection

45 degrees

Needle angle for intravenous injection

25 degrees

Needle angle for intradermal injection

10-15 degrees

bright blood stool

hematochezia

Dark blood in stool indicates?

melena

vomiting blood

hematemesis

blood in urine

hematuria

The division of the nucleus is called

mitosis

Cell division that produces reproductive cells in sexually reproducing organisms

Meiosis

Five-step systematic method for giving patient care; involves assessing, diagnosing, planning, implementing, and evaluating

Nursing Process

ADPIE

Assessment

Diagnosis

Planning

Implementation

Evaluation

The process by which cancer spreads from one place to another

metastasize

A mass of abnormal cells that remains at the site of origin

benign tumor

An abnormal tissue mass that can spread into neighboring tissue and to other parts of the body; a cancerous tumor.

malignant tumor

A solid swelling of clotted blood within the tissues.

Hematoma

Platelets

blood clotting

red blood cells - hemoglobin

Blood cells that carry oxygen from the lungs to the body cells.

white blood cells

fight infection

bluish discoloration of the skin

cyanosis

redness of the skin

erythema

yellowing of the skin

jaundice