Kinetic and Potential Energy
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Last updated 2:06 AM on 2/8/23
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31 Terms
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What is the 1st law of thermodynamics?
Energy is neither created nor destroyed, it simply converts from one form to another.
2
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What are the types of Potential Energy?
Gravitational, chemical, elastic potential, nuclear potential, electrical potential, magnetic potential
3
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What are the types of Kinetic Energy?
Electric kinetic, sound, thermal, radiant, mechanical
4
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Is gravitational energy potential or kinetic?
Potential
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Is chemical energy potential or kinetic?
Potential
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Is elastic energy potential or kinetic?
Potential
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Is nuclear energy potential or kinetic?
Potential
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Is electric energy potential or kinetic?
Can be both
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Is magnetic energy potential or kinetic?
Potential
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Is sound potential or kinetic energy?
Kinetic
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Is thermal energy potential or kinetic?
Kinetic
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Is radiant energy potential or kinetic?
Kinetic
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is radiant energy kinetic or potential?
Kinetic
14
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Describe gravitational energy
Energy stored in objects with mass in a gravitational field
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Describe chemical energy
Energy stored in chemical bonds of compounds
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Describe elastic potential energy
Energy stored in compressed springs & elastic materials
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Describe nuclear potential energy
Energy stored within nucleus of atom
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Describe electric potential
Energy stored in Batteries & fuel cells
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Describe magnetic potential
Energy stored in attraction/repulsion of magnetic materials – often Iron & nickel
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Describe electric kinetic energy
Energy associated with movement of electrons through an electrical circuit
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Describe sound energy
Sound energy is associated with air particles being moved, producing a compressional wave. Air is the medium
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Describe thermal energy
energy associated with movement of atoms, molecules & particles (often air or water) in response to changes in temperature
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Describe radiant energy
Energy associated with movement of photons, packets of light energy
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Describe mechanical energy
Moving parts
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Define work-energy theorem
Whenever work is done, energy changes.
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What is work?
Work equals change in kinetic energy.
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Work = deltaKE is net work.
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Work = deltaKE is net work.
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What is the law of conservation of energy?
The law of conservation of energy states that energy cannot be created or destroyed. It can be transformed from one form into another, but the total amount of energy never changes.
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How do energy transform at different stages of a pendulum?
When on one side, the energy is PE.
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As the pendulum swings, some energy is transformed into kinetic energy.
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At the bottom, all of the energy is KE.
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Then as it swings back up, the energy is reconverted into PE. Once it’s at the other end, it is all PE.
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As the pendulum swings, some energy is transformed into kinetic energy.
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At the bottom, all of the energy is KE.
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Then as it swings back up, the energy is reconverted into PE. Once it’s at the other end, it is all PE.
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How are real machines different from ideal machines?
In any (real) machine, some energy is transformed into atomic or molecular kinetic energy--making the machine warmer.
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We say this wasted energy is dissipated as heat.
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We say this wasted energy is dissipated as heat.
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What is efficiency?
The ratio of useful energy output to total energy input.
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