Social studies

atmosphere

The layer of gases surrounding Earth.

axis

An imaginary line that runs through Earth’s center from the North Pole to the South Pole.

biodiversity

The wide variety of life on Earth.

collapse

A sudden failure, breakdown, or ruin.

communism

A system of government in which the government controls the ways of producing goods.

constitution

A document setting the structure and powers of a government and the rights of people in a country.

culture

The set of beliefs, behaviors, and traits shared by a group of people.

currency

The paper money and coins in circulation.

dialect

A regional variety of a language with unique features, such as vocabulary, grammar, or pronunciation.

emigrate

To leave one’s home to live in another place.

establish

To start.

genocide

The mass murder of people from a particular ethnic group.

globalization

The process by which nations, cultures, and economies become mixed.

immigrate

To enter and live in a new country.

Imperialism

A policy by which a country increases its power by gaining control over other areas of the world.

Allies

During WW2, the nations who fought against the axis, mainly Great Britain, the United States, France, and the Soviet Union. Won.

Axis

During WW2, the nations who fought against the Allies, mainly Germany, Italy, and Japan.

Allied powers

During WW1, the nations who fought against the Central Powers, mainly Great Britain, France, Soviet Union, and later the United States.

Central Powers

During WW1, the nations who fought against the Allied Powers, mainly Germany, Austria-Hungary, and the Ottoman Empire.

atomic bomb

A type of bomb developed during WW2 that uses atomic reactions to create a massive explosion.

Donald John Trump

45th and 47th U.S. president, born June 14, 1946, businessman and member of the Republican Party.

Franklin Delano Roosevelt

32nd President of the USA who led during WW2 and created the New Deal.

World War II direct causes

The invasion of Poland by Germany and the attack on Pearl Harbor by Japan.

World War II indirect causes

Factors like nationalism, the harsh Treaty of Versailles, failed appeasement, and imperialism.

The Great Depression

An economic crisis in the US and the world during 1929-1939 characterized by poverty and unemployment.

Pearl Harbor

The attack by Japan on December 7, 1941, marking the official entry of the US into WW2.

New Deal

A group of US government programs in the 1930s aimed at economic recovery from the Great Depression.

Lend-Lease Act

A law passed in 1941 that allowed the US to supply war materials to allies.

Treaty of Versailles

A peace agreement signed in 1919 that ended WW1, imposing penalties on Germany.

Woodrow Wilson

President who led the USA into WW1 and the creation of the League of Nations.

Key terms of the treaty of Versailles

• Germany was forced to pay reparations to the allies.

• Was forced to disarm.

• Forced to give up overseas colonies

• to make territorial concessions

• yo accept responsibility for starting WW1

• Was excluded from the League of nations.