NMAT SOCIAL SCIENCE PT. 2

UNCONSCIOUS DRIVES AND EARLY LIFE EXPERIENCES

Two important factors in determining behavior based on Psychoanalytic theory.

ID, EGO, and SUPEREGO

Model of the Mind’s 3 Components of Personality

ID

A components of Model of the Mind that is operating the pleasure principle (seek immediate gratification).

EGO

A component of Model of the Mind where it operates the reality principles, functioning as the rational mediator between the other two components.

SUPEREGO

A component of the Model of the Mind that is the moral conscience of an individual (tells what is right and wrong).

DEFENSE MECHANISMS

Refers to ways of protecting the ego.

REPRESSION

Withdrawal from consciousness of an unwanted idea, effect, or desire by pushing it down (binabaon), or repressing it, into the unconscious part of the mind.

REACTION FORMATION

Fixation in consciousness of an idea, effect, or desire that is opposite to a feared unconscious impulse.

DISPLACEMENT

Redirection of a impulse (usually aggression) from a riskier onto a safer substitute.

PROJECTION

Attributing one’s own unacceptable thoughts, feelings, or impulses onto others.

INTROJECTION

Unconscious internalization of other’s beliefs, attitudes, or behaviors as one’s own.

REGRESSION

Return to earlier stages of development and abandoned forms of gratification.

SUBLIMATION

Channeling unwanted or unacceptable urges into a productive or admissible outlet.

DENIAL

Conscious refusal to perceive painful facts that exist.

RATIONALIZATION

Cognitive distortion of the facts to make an event or an impulse less threatening.

OA PaLaGe (or Old-Age Parrots Love Grapes)

Mnemonic used to refer to Freud’s Psychosexual Stages of Development

Oral, Anal, Phallic, Latent, and Genital

What does the Mnemonic "OA PaLaGe” mean?

ORAL

A stage under Freud’s Psychosexual Stages of Development wherein the most stimulating activities are Sucking and Feeding.

LIPS, TONGUE, and GUMS

What are the focus of pleasurable sensations under the Oral Stage of Freud’s Psychosexual Stages of Development?

ANAL

One of Freud’s Psychosexual Stages of Development wherein the most important training activity is Toilet Training.

ANAL-RETENTIVE PERSONALITY and ANAL-EXPULSIVE PERSONALITY

Two personalities in the Anal Stage that is said to manifest later in an individual’s life.

EXTREME ORDERLINESS

Another term for the Anal-Retentive Personality which occurs when a child is toiled trained by their parents strictly or before they are ready.

MESSINESS

Another term for Anal-Expulsive Personality which occurs when a child is toiled trained by their parents laxly or too late.

PHALLIC

It occurs at the age of 3 to 6 years old according to Freud’s Psychosexual Stages of Development.

PENIS

According to Freud, it is the most important body part of the body for both boys and girls under the Phallic Stage.

CASTRATION ANXIETY

It is the term used to refer to a boy’s unconscious fear of losing their penis.

PENIS ENVY

It is the term used to refer to the manifestation among girls with sense of discontent and resentment from their wish for a penis.

OEDIUPUS COMPLEX (Boy-Mother) and ELEKTRA COMPLEX (Girl-Father)

Terms used to refer to a child’s sexual desire for their parents (mother/father) and hostility toward the other parent (father/mother).

LATENT

It occurs at the age 6 to 12 years old wherein the superego develops and sexual instincts die down. There is no pleasure point in this stage.

GENITAL

It is a stage under Freud’s Psychosexual Stages of Development wherein a child practices their sexual identity through heterosexual relationships or wherein their sexual desires is more focused onto others rather than oneself.

PSYCHOSOCIAL THEORY

This theory states that in different points of time, an individual is confronted by different kinds of crisis.

BABY BOTS BUILDING BUCKETS FOR BLUE BORED BLESSED BEARS.

Mnemonic for Crises

BEHAVIORISM

One of the school of thought wherein it believes that all behaviors are learned through interactions with the environment. It also claims that psychology is pseudoscience.

DETERMINISM

Similarity between psychoanalysis and behaviorism. It also means the lack of free will.

CLASSICAL CONDITIONING

Learning things through associations.

UNCONDITIONED STIMULUS

A stimulus that naturally triggers a response.

UNCONDITIONED RESPONSE

The automatic response to the unconditioned stimulus.

CONDITIONED STIMULUS

Initially neutral, but becomes associated with the unconditioned stimulus to trigger a similar response.

CONDITIONED RESPONSE

The learned response to the conditioned stimulus.

OPERANT CONDITIONING

A type of learning in which behavior is strengthened or weakened through consequences (Reinforcement or Punishment).