rhetorical devices + logical fallacys

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Ethos

Credibility or ethical appeal in persuasion.

Logos

Logical reasoning used to persuade an audience.

Pathos

Emotional appeal aimed at audience's feelings.

Rhetorical Question

Question posed for effect, not requiring an answer.

Anaphora

Repetition of a word or phrase at beginnings.

Charged language

Words with strong emotional implications.

Understatement

Deliberate presentation of something as less significant.

Hyperbole

Exaggerated statements not meant to be taken literally.

Allusion

Indirect reference to a person, event, or work.

Juxtaposition

Placing contrasting elements close together for effect.

Scare tactic

Using fear to influence audience's response.

Bandwagon

Encouragement to join the majority or popular opinion.

Slippery slope

Argument suggesting one action leads to extreme consequences.

Hasty generalization

Drawing conclusions from insufficient evidence.

Begging the question

Assuming the conclusion within the premise.

Straw man

Misrepresenting an argument to make it easier to attack.

Ad hominem

Attacking the person instead of the argument.

Either/or false dilemma

Presenting only two options when more exist.

Red herring

Distracting from the main issue with irrelevant information.

Traditional wisdom

Accepted beliefs or ideas passed through generations.

False cause

Incorrectly linking cause and effect.

Description

Detailed account of characteristics or features.

Chronological Order

Arrangement of events in the order they occurred.

Cause and Effect

Relationship where one event leads to another.

Problem and Solution

Identifying an issue and proposing a resolution.

Compare and Contrast

Examining similarities and differences between subjects.

Allegory

Story with a hidden meaning, often moral.

Satire

Humorous critique of societal norms or issues.

Third person limited

Narrative perspective focusing on one character's thoughts.

Third person omniscient

Narrative perspective knowing all characters' thoughts.

Second person point of view

Narrative addressing the reader as 'you'.

First person point of view

Narrative from the perspective of 'I'.

Restatement

to express the same idea with different wording. Can be used to clarify points or emphasize main ideas.