AP GOV Chp15

Interest groups

Voluntary associations of people who come together with the goal of getting the policies that they favor enacted

Social movements

Diffuse groups that educate the public and put pressure on policymakers in an affront to bring about societal change

Participatory democracy

The belief that citizens impact policymaking through their involvement in civil society

Civil society

Groups outside the government that advocate for policy

Pluralist theory

A theory that political power is distributed amount many competing groups, which means that no single group can grow too powerful

Elitist theory

A theory that the wealthy elite class had a disproportionate amount of economic and political power

Policy agenda

The set of issues to which government officials, voters, and the public are paying attention

Collective action

Political action that occurs when individuals contribute their energy, time, or money to a larger group goal

Collective good

Also called a public good; a public benefit that individuals can enjoy or profit from even if they do not help achieve it

Free riders

Individuals who enjoy collective goods and benefit from the actions of an interest groups without joining

Selective benefits

Benefits available only to those who join the grouo

Economic interest group

Groups advocating on behalf of the financial interest of their members

Public interest groups

Groups that act on behalf of the collective interests of a broad group of individuals

Single issue groups

Associations focusing on one specific area of public policy often a moral issue about which they are unwilling to compromise

Governmental interest groups

Organizations acting on behalf of local, state, or foreign governments

Lobbying

Interacting with government officials in order to advance a groups public policy goals

Revolving door

The movement of individuals between positions in government and lobbying positions

Amicus curiae brief

A brief filled by someone who is not a party to a case in an attempt to persuade the court to agree with the arguments set forth in the brief

Iron triangle

The coordinated and mutually beneficial activities of the bureaucracy, congress, and interest groups to achieve shared policy goals

Issue network

The webs of influence between interest groups, policymakers, and policy advocates

Grassroots lobbying

Mobilizing interest groups members to pressure their representatives by contacting them directly through phone calls, email, and social media

Protest

A public demonstration designed to call attention to the need for change

Civil disobedience

Intentionally breaking a law to call attention to an injustice