Cultural Diversities & Disparities In HCS

why is this unit so hard for no reason (':

Culture

Culture

set of values, beliefs, languages, rituals, and way of life of a group of people

Ethnicity

a classification of people based on national origin

Define cultural competence

the ability to interact and give care effectively to people of different cultures

Why is it important to be culturally competent

as healthcare workers, we need to be aware and sensitive to our patient’s culture as that shapes many aspects in life; it’s crucial to be non-judgemental

What are the four types of personal beliefs

1. cultural beliefs

2. social beliefs

3. religious beliefs

4. personal beliefs

List the some areas of potential conflict

1. wellness and health prevention

2. touch and physical space

3. communication

4. general procedures

5. dietary need

6. spirituality

7. death

8. medication

9. pregnancy

10. pain management

example of cultural impact ofnwellness and health prevention

• americans focus on healthy living and prevention

• south asians see weight gain as normal

• some cultures don’t value immunization or may even view them as poisons

example of cultural impact on touch and physical space

• in some cultures, close touching is a sign of friendship and respect

• in others, it’s seen as an invasion of privacy

• some religions don’t allow touching from the opposite sex unless it’s a close family

example of cultural impact on communication

• language barriers

• some topics like sex and mental health are taboo

• patriarchal society vs matriarchal society

example of cultural impact on general procedures

• some cultures fear invasive procedure as it’s seen that the soul may leave the body

• allow patient to dress to the level of modesty that they need before entering the room

dietary needs

• food has cultural and ethic implications

• all attempts should be made to accommodate patients based on fasting or other needs

• explain why some foods need to be avoided however

example of cultural impact on time orientation

• in the US, punctuality is important

• in other cultures (cough, cough: south asia) it’s not valued highly

• there’s also different perceptions of time

example of cultural impact on spirituality

• spirituality can either be personal for an individual or come from a structured faith

• studies show that prayer is powerful for the patient’s mind

example of cultural impact on death

• views are varied

• there’s several different types of last rites

• death by suicide is very sensitive

example of cultural impact on medications

• the way certain culture take medicine is varied

  ex: oral med or injections

• when patient is fasting for religious needs, it can affect the the times when meds will be taken

example of cultural impact on pregnancy

• involvement is different per cultures

• some cultures have a ritual to bury the placenta however this is illegal in the US as the afterbirth is considered medical waste

example of cultural impact on pain management

• some see pain as a symptom while others see it as a weakness

• every patient is different when it comes to their reactions

  ex: during birth they can be freely showing discomfort or be completly stoic

• use body language and facial expressions to judge the pain level

how does a patient’s socioeconomic status play a factor in their healthcare

• the income level affect how much access they have to health care

• children and infant in poverty often have bad care

• housing and environmental conditions also play a role

• upper class families tend to live longer

Buddhism beliefs, death, diet, health, pregnancy, rituals, and clinical issues

believes that enlightenment happens through conscious living and meditations, avoids mind-altering drugs and has calm death, usually vegetarian, no alcohol, tobacco or drugs, mental cures are important,

Christian Science beliefs, death, diet, health, pregnancy, rituals, and clinical issues

bible based, dead body should be preped by same sex, avoids tobacco, alcohol, and maybe caffeine,

Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints

Daily prayer and holy book, family oritented, autopsy is okay, believes in resurrection, fasts once a month, abortion is forbidden except in rape or mom’s life in in danger

Hindu beliefs, death, diet, health, pregnancy, rituals, and clinical issues

Karma, duties to god, parents society and teachers, usually cremation, family wash body, prefers to die at home, fasts on holy days, right hand for eating while left is for toilet, doesn’t usually name kids on day they’re born

Islamic beliefs, death, diet, health, pregnancy, rituals, and clinical issues

prays 5x a day, fasts during month of ramadan(except for kids ill and pregnant women) , no contact between opposite sex that’s no family, abortion is only allowed when mom’s life in danger or if baby may have defects, women may wear hijab or burqa, no pork or alcohol, faces mecca during death and wash by family

Judaism beliefs, death, diet, health, pregnancy, rituals, and clinical issues

torah is religious book, prays 3x a day, life after death, kosher foods only, abortion only to save mom, married women may wear wig

Sikhism beliefs, death, diet, health, pregnancy, rituals, and clinical issues

reincarnation is a cycle of rebirth, a dead body is bathed, dressed, and cremated, hair removal might be an issue for surgery, turban is worn

What is SDHO

social determinations for health outcomes are the non-medical factors that influence a person’s medical outcomes. examples are environment of birth and childhood, work and income, age etc