CSD 329 Final Exam - Fluency

FACT

Fact or Myth: about 1% of the worldwide population currently stutters

FACT

Fact or Myth: An average of about 3 million people in the US stutter

FACT

Fact or Myth: males stutter more than females 4 to 1

FACT

Fact or Myth: 30-69% of those who stutter also have a relative that stutters

FACT

Fact or Myth: there is no cure for stuttering

FACT

Fact or Myth: stuttering is cyclical, it never truly goes away

FACT

Fact or Myth: there is no one main cause of stuttering

MYTH

Fact or Myth: people who stutter are not smart

MYTH

Fact or Myth: nervousness causes stuttering

MYTH

Fact or Myth: stress causes stuttering

Sound Repetition

a repetition of one sound
Ex: /f/ f-f-f-f-five

Part Word/Syllable Repetition

a repetition of a syllable
Ex: bababa-baby

Whole Word Repetition

repeating the whole word
Ex: but-but

Phrase Repetition

repeating any segment longer than one word
Ex: I was - I was going

Blocks

articulators or vocal cords are held in a fixed position; most severe disfluency
Ex: you can't get out of it; S_aid

Prolongations

extending the sound
Ex: s--->ee

Revisions

when you stop and say something else
Ex: well I was...the other day I was

Interjections

a place marker
Ex: "uhh" "umm" "let me see"

Cancellation

- "c-c-c-cool"; stop and freeze
- say the whole word, pause, release tension, restart the word with easy onset
- "c-cool"
- still will be disfluent, but they are out of the disfluent moment; you decreased the severity

Pullout

"thu-thu-thhhhhhanks"
- in the moment - do easy onset in the moment

Bouncing

- "b-b-b-baby" rather than "bbbbbbbbaby"
- light articulatory contact of repeated sounds
- it is a way to slow down and escape the moment

Preparatory Set

- "ffffffffather"... pattern of stuttering on /f/ words
- most difficult because you have to have a pattern so the client can anticipate the disfluent moment
- before the disfluent moment