Isolationism & WWII Flashcards

Women

• Rosie the Riveter

• Women’s army auxiliary corps: women allowed in military to serve in noncombat positions

• 68,000 women served as nurses

Latin Americans

• Bracero Program: over 200,000 Mexicans became migrant farm workers

• Zoot suits: large, baggy suits popular among Latinos

• 500,000 Latinos served in military (not segregated)

Japanese Americans

• Executive Order 9066: authorized the internment of Japanese Americans, leading to the establishment of camps across the United States.

• Henry Stimson declared most of the West Coast a military zone, justifying the removal of Japanese Americans from their homes.

• Korematsu v. United States: relocation of Japanese Americans based on “military urgency”

• U.S. lifted discrimination of those in army (1943)

African Americans

• Fair Employment practices commission: an initiative to prevent job discrimination based on race in defense industries during WWII, aimed at ensuring equal employment opportunities for African Americans.

• Segregated army

• Tuskegee airmen

Military Mobilization

• Selective Service Act of 1940: 1st peacetime war draft

Role of the Government

• War Production Board: helped factories shift from making consumer goods to making guns, ships, aircraft, and other war material

• Office of Price Administration & Office of Economic Stabilization: regulated prices of products to avoid inflation

• War Labor Board: asked unions to avoid strike that would hurt the war effort

• Propaganda: office of war information created to produce pro-allied and anti-axis propaganda in movies, radio, posters, etc.

Kellog-Briand Pact

An international agreement signed in 1928 that called for peaceful settlement to prevent another World War.

Neutrality Acts

A series of U.S. laws designed to keep America out of foreign wars by prohibiting arms sales, loans, and travel on beligerent ships.

Cash and Carry Policy

A policy adopted by the United States in 1939 allowing warring nations to purchase goods and arms as long as they paid in cash and transported them on their own ships.

Destroyers for Bases Agreement

A 1940 agreement between the United States and Britain, in which the US provided old naval destroyers in exchange for land rights to establish military bases on British territories.

Lend-Lease Act

A program initiated in 1941 that allowed the United States (Roosevelt) to supply Allied nations with war materials while receiving compensation in the form of military bases or other support.