APUSH Chapter 11: Key Events and Figures of the War of 1812

Tallmadge Amendment

Failed proposal to prohibit the importation of slaves into Missouri Territory and paved the way for gradual emancipation.

The "Peculiar Institution"

Widely used term for the institution of American slavery in the south.

Missouri Compromise

Created by Henry Clay, Allowed Missouri to enter as a slave state but preserved the balance between the North & South by carving free-soil Maine out of Massachusetts.

John Marshall

Supreme Court Chief Justice that improved the federal government's power at the expense of the states.

McCulloch v. Maryland

Strengthen federal authority and upheld the constitutionality of the Bank of the United States.

Gibbons v. Ogden

Reasserted that Congress had the sole power to regulate interstate commerce.

Dartmouth v. Woodward

Protects corporations from domination by state government's.

Cohens v. Virginia

Reinforced federal supremacy by establishing the right of the Supreme Court to review decisions of state supreme courts in questions involving the powers of the federal government.

Fletcher v. Peck

Established firmer protection for private property and asserted the right of the Supreme Court to invalidate state laws in conflict with the federal constitution.

That his political doctrines led him to strengthen the government at the expense of the people.

What was the chief criticism of John Marshall by the NY Times?

Oregon Country

Untamed territory by Britain & America.

Anglo-American Convention

Allowed New England Fishermen to access Newfoundland fisheries, established the northern boundary of the Louisiana Territory, and provided for the joint occupation of Oregon for the next 10 years.

Adams-Onis Treaty

"Florida Peace Treaty" of 1819, Spain ceded Florida and Oregon in exchange for Texas.

Russo-American Treaty

Fixed the line of 54°40' as the southernmost boundary of Russian holdings in North America.

War of 1812

Fought between Britain and the United States over the issues of trade and impressment.

"Old Ironsides"

The "Constitution" battleship that had thicker sides, heavier firepower, and larger crews.

Oliver Hazard Perry

An energetic naval officer who managed a fleet on the shores of Lake Erie in 1813, and captured a British fleet.

Thomas Macdonough

Naval officer who saved Upper New York from conquest by forcing the invading British Army near Plattsburgh to retreat on September 11, 1814.

Fort McHenry

Inspired Francis Scott Key to write the words of the Star Spangled Banner.

Francis Scott Key

The American poet who wrote the Star Spangled Banner while watching the Americans defend Fort McHenry.

After

The Battle of New Orleans happened before or after the war was over?

Congress of Vienna (1815)

Convention of major European powers to redraw the boundaries of continental Europe after the defeat of Napoleonic France.

Treaty of Ghent

Ended the War of 1812 in a virtual draw, restoring prewar borders but failing to address any of the grievances that first brought America into the war.

Hartford Convention

Convention of federalists from five New England states who opposed the War of 1812 and resented the strength of southern and western interests in Congress and in the White House.

Rush-Bagot Agreement

It established strict limits on naval armaments in the Great Lakes, a first step in the full demilitarization of the U.S. Canadian Border, completed in the 1870s.

Tariff of 1816

1st American Protective Tariff in history that was created to shield New England manufacturers from the inflow of British goods after the War of 1812.

The American System

Protective tariffs for eastern manufacturers and federally financed canals and highways to benefit the West.

James Monroe

Was nominated for the presidency in 1816 by the Republicans.

Era of Good Feelings

Popular name for the period of one-party, Republican, rule during James Monroe's presidency.

Panic of 1819

Severe financial crisis brought on primarily by the efforts of the Bank of the United States to curb overspeculation on western lands.

Land Act of 1820

Lowered the prices of public land and prohibited the purchase of federal acreage on credit, thereby eliminating one of the causes of the Panic of 1819.