Psych Pgs 2-8

IB SL1 Psychology Vocab Pages 2-8

Artifact

results that are associated with the effect of unforeseen factors

Behavior

Something that can be observed directly/registered by independent observation

Mental Processes are...

Attention, perception, memory, and thinking

Nomothetic Approach

Deriving Universal Laws

Variable

Any characteristic that is objectively registered and quantified

Quantitative Research

Operates with numerical variables

Construct

any theoretically defined variable (ex. violence, love, anger, memory)

Operationalization

expressing a construct in terms of observable behavior

Experimental Studies

include 1 independent variable, 1 dependent variable, and other controlled variables

Correlational Studies

The researcher does not manipulate variables, variables are measured and the relationship between them is quantified

Descriptive Studies

Relationships between variables are not investigated, and the variables are approached separately

Qualitative Research

The main focus is an in-depth study of a particular phenomenon using interviews or observations

Idiographic Approach

An in-depth analysis of a particular case or phenomenon (without trying to derive universally applicable laws)

Sample

The group of people taking part in the research study

Sampling

The process of finding and recruiting individuals for the study

Credibility

The degree to which the results of the study can be trusted to reflect the reality

Generalizibility

The extent to which the results of the study can be applied beyond the sample and the settings used in the study itself

Bias

In favor of or against a person, group, or thing

Psychology

The study of behavior and mental processes