Fundamental Attribution Error
Behavior is attributed to either to a person’s situation or disposition
ex: they’re speeding b/c it’s an emergency, vs. they’re speeding b/c they’re a careless driver
Actor-observer bias
a person judges themselves (the observer) differently than they do the others (actors)
Just World Hypothesis
Self-serving bias
Attribution of positive outcomes to one’s own skill and attribution of negative outcomes to external factors
Confirmation bias
Favoring of information that confirms one’s beliefs and ignoring contradictory evidence
Self-fulfilling prophecy
A belief leads to behaviors that lead the belief to become true
False consensus effect
Assumption that one’s own beliefs are very common
Cognitive Dissonance
justification for behavior that contradicts one’s attitudes
Central Route of Persuasion
Use of facts to persuade someone
Peripheral Route of Persuasion
Use of emotion to persuade someone
Social Facilitation
Performance is amplified in the presence of others
Social Trap
Pursuit of self interests before the collective interests of the group
Heuristics
Quick but unreliable decision making for less important cases