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Mechanical Digestion
Involves physical processes like chewing and breaking down food.
Chemical Digestion
Involves enzymes and acids that break down food, such as those in saliva and stomach.
What is hematemesis?
Vomiting blood.
Functions of the large intestines
Absorb water and nutrients, eliminate waste, and form and store feces.
Dysphagia
Pertaining to difficulty of swallowing.
Hyperglycemia
Condition characterized by high levels of glucose in the blood due to insufficient insulin production.
Permissive Effect
The presence of one hormone enables another hormone to act.
Synergistic Effect
One hormone works together with another hormone.
Antagonistic Effect
Two hormones have opposing effects.
Type 1 Diabetes
Pancreas doesn’t make insulin; often an autoimmune disorder requiring daily insulin.
Type 2 Diabetes
Not producing enough insulin to manage sugar levels, often due to lifestyle factors.
Gestational Diabetes
Diabetes that occurs during pregnancy.
Endocrinology
The medical specialty focusing on the treatment of endocrine system disorders.
Functions of the urinary system
Removing waste, maintaining fluid balance, and releasing hormones to regulate blood pressure.
Term for painful urination.
Dysuria
The primary functional unit of the kidney.
Nephron
Urinary system organs
Ureter, urethra, kidneys, bladder.
Nephropathy
Disease of the kidney.
Orchidectomy
Surgical removal of one or more testes.
Orchiectomy
Surgical removal of one or more testes.
Vasectomy
Sealing and cutting of the vas deferens.
Term for the inflammation of the prostate gland.
prostatitis
Oligospermia
Condition characterized by low sperm count and production.
Hydrocele
Fluid filled sac around the testicle.
Hysterectomy
Surgical removal of the uterus.
Mastectomy
Surgical removal of the breast.
Oophorectomy
Surgical removal of the ovaries.
Salpingectomy
Surgical removal of the fallopian tubes.
Testes
The male gonads.
Ovaries
The female gonads.
Endometriosis
Condition involving the growth of endometrial tissue outside the uterus.
PCOS
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome.
Hyperemesis Gravidarum
Heavy vomiting during pregnancy.
Stages of Labor - First Stage
Dilation of the cervix.
Stages of Labor - Second Stage
Delivery of the neonate.
Stages of Labor - Third Stage
Expulsion of the placenta after birth.
Chronological order of human development
Zygote, embryo, fetus, neonate.
Monozygotic Pregnancy
Results from one fertilized egg that splits.
Dizygotic Pregnancy
Results from two fertilized eggs, producing fraternal twins.
